Nuraghe Genna Maria
The Nuraghe Genna Maria is a Bronze Age nuragic complex. It is located in the Marmilla on a 408 m high spur west of Villanovaforru in the province of Sud Sardegna in Sardinia . Nuraghi are prehistoric and early historical towers of the Bonnanaro culture (2200–1600 BC) and the subsequent nuraghi culture (around 1600–400 BC) in Sardinia, which is inextricably linked with it .
The nuragic complex
The nuragic complex originally consisted of the central nuraghe (mastio), which dates from around 1350 BC. BC, as well as three tholoi that date from around 1000 BC. Were cultivated. A comparison with the Nuraghe Su Nuraxi shows that the development of the two monuments was similar: a three-way bastion with connecting passages, a rudimentary corridor and a well shaft was added to the central tower with its small round chamber without niches. This complex was later surrounded by an outer wall ring provided with tholoi. The outer wall, in an elongated hexagonal shape, spans a wide inner courtyard, which gives the Hüttendorf ground plans, each with its own inner courtyard, the foundations of which have been preserved. The archaeologists are particularly interested in this village. It comes from the last Iron Age phase around 800 BC. BC, a time that is known as the "geometric era" because of the characteristic decorations on the ceramics and was built with the material of the crumbling nuraghi. A parallel development is the Geometric Ceramic Era in Greece (900–700 BC), which was in contact with Sardinia as early as the Mycenaean period.
The complex was damaged by fire and in the 8th century BC Abandoned BC. After the village was abandoned in the 5th or 4th century BC, At the time of the Punic occupation of parts of Sardinia, people returned to the Nuraghe Genna Maria. The Sardinian-Punic population set up a small sanctuary in the buried nuraghi, which was only accessible from above, in which fertility and the chthonic powers were invoked, similar to the mystery cult of Demeter and Persephone . The main tower of the nuraghe served as a votive depository. The preserved wall remains of the nuraghi, which was repaired several times in the past, are a maximum of three meters high. The complex is surrounded by lush vegetation consisting of pine, holm oak, juniper and native maquis .
Finds
During the excavations of the poorly preserved nuraghi that began in 1977 and lasted for 30 years, valuable finds from the end of the Nuragic period were made. Ceramics , grinding stones , pintadere and pithoi for grain and legumes as well as other plant remains were excavated and researched by the Department of Genetics at the University of Cagliari .
museum
The finds are exhibited in a museum named after the complex in the center of Villanovaforru.
See also
literature
- Alberto Moravetti, Carlo Tozzi et al. (Eds.): Guide archeologiche. Preistoria e Protostoria in Italia . 2: Sardegna . ABACO, Forlí 1995, ISBN 88-86712-01-4 , (Published on the occasion of the 13th International Congress of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences which was held Sept. 8-14, 1996, Forlì, Italy), p. 150 ff.
Individual evidence
Web links
- ilportalesardo.it Pictures and additional information (Italian)
Coordinates: 39 ° 38 ′ 7.6 ″ N , 8 ° 51 ′ 11.7 ″ E