Bonnanaro culture

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Cultures in Sardinia

The transition from the Copper Age to the Early Bronze Age in Sardinia is marked by the two-phase (A and B) Bonnanaro culture (2,200–1,600 BC) with its simple ceramics. The thick-walled, unadorned cups and bowls with the pointed-eared handles show influences from the north Italian Polada culture .

The giant tomb of Coddu Vecchiu near Arzachena in the province of Sassari in Gallura
  • Phase A (approx. 2200–1900 BC; also: called Korona Moltana ) is still characterized overall by the tripod vessels , which have a 1000-year tradition,
  • while in phase B (approx. 1900–1600; also: Sa Turricula called) ceramic pans (ital. tegame) appear for the first time. The brassards (made of horn, bone or slate ) , which can be traced back to models of bell- shaped beakers and used as arm protection plates or symbols of status, are an indication of the mainland influence .

The four Copper Age cultures of Sardinia do not adhere to uniform grave types. There are Dolmen , gallery graves and stone boxes and hybrids ( grave Bingia of 'e Monti created) and further natural caves and rock chambers used, some of which are expanded by means of the new copper tools and transformed. The Bonnanaro people are the last to remodel artificial rock chambers such as Necropoli di Montessu , Santu Pedru and Sos Furrighesos . They are also represented on the Altarberg Monte d'Accoddi with a typical tripod vessel . During this period the first elongated burial chambers were found as harbingers of the giant graves of the "Tomba di Giganti"; in addition, proto or "corridor uraghen" arise . At the end of the short phase of Bonnanaro there is the nuragic culture , which extended to the 4th century BC. Developed in BC and lasted in some regions until Roman rule. "The necropolis of the Domus de Janas of Corona Moltana near Bonnanaro was excavated by Antonio Taramelli as early as 1889. The ceramic typology shows that it is Bonnanaro phase A. The hypogeum contained six graves, some of which were still intact, so that Even remnants of clothing were recovered. A special custom of this culture, which also made the assignment possible, were trephined skulls. However, the hypogeum could not be visited for a long time because of the poor preservation of the limestone .

literature

  • Manlio Brigaglia (Ed.): Sardegna archeologica. (Guida turistica). Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara 1989, ISBN 88-402-0404-0 .
  • Rainer Pauli: Sardinia. History, culture, landscape. Voyages of discovery on one of the most beautiful islands in the Mediterranean. 7th edition. DuMont, Cologne 1990, ISBN 3-7701-1368-3 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Stephen L. Dyson, Robert J. Rowland jr .: Archeology and History in Sardinia from the Stone Age to the Middle Ages. Shepherds, Sailors, and Conquerors , University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia 2007, p. 52 and chronology table p. 19
  2. ↑ Stephen L. Dyson, Robert J. Rowland jr .: Archeology and History in Sardinia from the Stone Age to the Middle Ages. Shepherds, Sailors, and Conquerors , University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia 2007, p. 19 (chronology table).
  3. ↑ Stephen L. Dyson, Robert J. Rowland jr .: Archeology and History in Sardinia from the Stone Age to the Middle Ages. Shepherds, Sailors, and Conquerors , University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia 2007, p. 19 (chronology table).