Supreme Court (India)

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Seal of judgment. The Sanskrit inscription reads:
यतो धर्मस्ततो जय
"Whence the law ( Dharma ), from which the victory"
The Supreme Court of India in May 2007

The Supreme Court of India ( English Supreme Court of India ) is the highest court of the country in accordance with Part V, Chapter IV of the Constitution of India . According to the Constitution, the Supreme Court is a federal , constitutional and supreme appellate court .

Composition and jurisdiction result from Articles 124 to 147 of the Constitution. The Supreme Court has priority over decisions of the High Courts . However, it is also possible to lodge complaints with the Supreme Court (writ petitions) in cases of serious human rights violations or in serious urgent matters.

Constitution of the court

The court was created on January 28, 1950, two days after the constitution was introduced. The court sat until 1958 in the (former) Princely Chamber of Parliament, where its predecessor institution, the Federal Court of India , was already located from 1937 to 1950 . There is a separate Bar Association (Supreme Court Bar Association) with its current President MN Krishnamani.

Jurisdiction

The court has powers of first instance, powers of appeal and powers of legal opinions. The Supreme Court has first instance jurisdiction for disputes between the Union and individual states or between the individual states. The court also has jurisdiction to enforce fundamental rights under Article 32 of the Constitution.

composition

The court consists of the Chief Justice of India and other judges appointed by the President of India after consulting the Supreme Court. The judges must have qualified as chief judge or lawyer at a higher court for a certain period of time. You will retire at the age of 65. The panel consists of three, sometimes five judges.

List of Chief Justices of India

  1. Harilal Jekisundas Kania (January 26, 1950 - November 6, 1951)
  2. M. Patanjali Sastri (November 7, 1950 - January 3, 1954)
  3. More Chand Mahajan (January 4, 1954 - December 22, 1954)
  4. Bijan Kumar Mukherjea (December 23, 1954 - January 31, 1956)
  5. Sudhi Ranjan Das (February 1, 1956 - September 30, 1959)
  6. Bhuvaneshwar Prasad Sinha (October 1, 1959 - January 31, 1964)
  7. PB Gajendragadkar (February 1, 1964 - March 15, 1966)
  8. Amal Kumar Sarkar (March 16, 1966 - June 29, 1966)
  9. Koka Subba Rao (June 30, 1966 - April 11, 1967)
  10. Kailas Nath Wanchoo (April 12, 1967 - February 24, 1968)
  11. Muhammad Hidayatullah (February 25, 1968 - December 16, 1970)
  12. Jayantilal Chhotalal Shah (December 17, 1970 - January 21, 1971)
  13. Sarv Mittra Sikri (January 22, 1971 - April 25, 1973)
  14. Ajit Nath Ray (April 26, 1973 - January 27, 1977)
  15. Mirza Hameedullah Beg (January 28, 1977 - February 21, 1978)
  16. Yeshwant Vishnu Chandrachud (February 22, 1978 - July 11, 1985)
  17. Prafullachandra Natwarlal Bhagwati (July 12, 1985 - December 20, 1986)
  18. Raghunandan Swarup Pathak (December 21, 1986 - June 18, 1989)
  19. ES Venkataramiah (June 19, 1989 - December 17, 1989)
  20. Sabyasachi Mukharji (December 18, 1989 - September 25, 1990)
  21. Ranganath Misra (September 26, 1990 - November 24, 1991)
  22. Kamal Narain Singh (November 25, 1991 - December 12, 1991)
  23. Madhukar Hiralal Kania (December 13, 1991 - November 17, 1992)
  24. Lalit Mohan Sharma (November 8, 1992 - February 11, 1993)
  25. MN Venkatachaliah (February 12, 1993 - October 24, 1994)
  26. Aziz Mushabber Ahmadi (October 25, 1994 - March 24, 1997)
  27. Jagdish Sharan Verma (March 25, 1997 - January 17, 1998)
  28. Madan Mohan Punchhi (January 18, 1998 - October 9, 1998)
  29. Adarsh ​​Sein Anand (October 10, 1998 - January 11, 2001)
  30. Sam Piroj Bharucha (January 11, 2001 - May 6, 2002)
  31. Bhupinder Nath Kirpal (May 6, 2002 - November 8, 2002)
  32. Gopal Ballav Pattanaik (November 8, 2002 - December 19, 2002)
  33. Vishweshwar Nath Khare (December 19, 2002 - May 2, 2004)
  34. S. Rajendra Babu (May 2, 2004 - June 1, 2004)
  35. Ramesh Chandra Lahoti (June 1, 2004 - November 1, 2005)
  36. Yogesh Kumar Sabharwal (November 1, 2005 - January 13, 2007)
  37. KG Balakrishnan (January 13, 2007 - May 11, 2010)
  38. Sarosh Homi Kapadia (May 12, 2010 - September 28, 2012)
  39. Altamas Kabir (September 29, 2012 - July 18, 2013)
  40. P. Sathasivam (July 19, 2013 - April 26, 2014)
  41. Rajendra Mal Lodha (April 27, 2014 - September 27, 2014)
  42. HL Dattu (September 28, 2014 - December 2, 2015)
  43. TS Thakur (December 3, 2015 - January 3, 2017)
  44. Jagdish Singh Khehar ( Jan 4, 2017, in office )

Web links

Commons : Supreme Court (India)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files