Obertor (Schweinfurt)

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The Outer Obertor on Kornmarkt around 1871, on the left with an attached saddlery villa . The house to the right of the gate (vacant lot) was demolished in 1870 and the gate in 1872. To the right of the vacant lot is the nine-story Gretel-Baumbach-Haus .

Obertor is the name for a traffic junction and two former city gates in Schweinfurt . The Inner Obertor at the southern end of the Kornmarkt, at the confluence with Obertraße, was destroyed in 1554. The outer upper gate at the northern end of the Kornmarkt was demolished in the course of industrialization and the widening of the streets in 1872.

location

The five Schweinfurt city gates, which were all demolished in the 19th century , were (from the south on the Main counterclockwise) Brückentor , Mühltor , Obertor , Spitaltor and Fischertor . The Obertor was at the highest point of the old town , on the north side of the city wall, hence its name. This is where the old country road to Bad Kissingen and Thuringia began .

The Inner Obertor was the northern exit of the first city wall until the city was expanded in the 15th century (see: Old Town, City Expansion ). It stood at the northern end of Obere Straße, at the level of the western Bodengasse, which today does not lead into Obere Straße (dead end). The foundations of the Inner Upper Gate were found and the location marked.

Sattler-Villa (before 1873 / baroque in 1911), next to the former upper gate, which stood to the right

The outer upper gate was built to expand the city at the height of today's Kornmarkt 17 building. The saddler's villa of the Schweinfurt industrialist Wilhelm Sattler , which still exists today, was built to the west of the gate (see picture above). The Obertor as an address was not created until 1955, for the traffic junction not far north of the former gate.

history

In the Second Margrave War in 1554, the Inner and Outer Upper Gate were destroyed. The outer gate tower was repaired in 1556. However, it was demolished in 1562 and rebuilt by 1564, with a tower house , large passage and portico . In April 1647, at the end of the Thirty Years War , Swedish troops riddled the gate tower with cannon balls. In 1728 a stone bridge was built over the moat in front of the gate. In 1762 the portcullis was blown up by the Prussians during the Seven Years' War .

In 1870 the city fathers had the town house to the right of the tower (seen from the Kornmarkt), which narrowed the exit, demolished, and in 1872 the gate tower. Despite everything, the Obertor has remained the landmark of the northern old town in the form of its well-known historical illustration with a view of the Kornmarkt and is immortalized there in a picture on the house of the Obertor restaurant . The stone bridge in front of the Obertor was lost when the trench in front of the gate was filled for today's Obertorkreuzung .

description

Outer upper gate

After the gate was rebuilt after its destruction in the Thirty Years War, the outside of the gate was adorned with the coat of arms of Field Marshal Wrangel and Queen Christina of Sweden . In 1681 the tower was equipped with a bell.

In front of the gate a bridge built in 1728 led to the gate with the Latin inscription: “ May the golden peace flourish, our freedom may last as many years as this bridge has stones. “75 years later Schweinfurt lost its imperial freedom .

Jumps

Fichtel's garden in a former ski jump Obertorschanze
Fichtel's garden in a former ski jump
Obertorschanze

In front of the outer upper gate there was a jump on both sides . The Fichtelsvilla of the Schweinfurt industrialist Karl Fichtel , which was destroyed in the last war, was built on the western hill . Today, Fichtel's garden occupies the ski jump that can be seen in the park floor plan and the ditch and glacis in front of it . The street An den Schanzen to the west in front of it , on the edge of the Neutorvorstadt, is reminiscent of the former ski jump .

The walls of the eastern Obertorschanze were preserved, were renovated in the 1980s and are under monument protection. At the time, was on the hill Motherwell Park created, named after the Scottish sister city Motherwell .

Obertorkreuzung

Six streets converge at the traffic junction on Stadtring-Nord, not far north of the former gate. A major project with a road tunnel and urban framework development was already planned here in the 1960s, which has not yet been carried out. Therefore, the area of ​​the Obertorkreuzung and its surroundings still has the character of a provisional facility from the earlier post-war period.

The Bavarian State Office for the Environment maintains a measuring station at the Obertorkreuzung within the framework of the Bavarian Air Hygiene Monitoring System (LÜB).

gastronomy

In the area around the former Outer Obertor there is a pub district. The old town district south of the former gate, with its historic inns, developed in the 1990s into a pub district that has recently become a bit deserted. In return, the northern area around the Obertorkreuzung experienced a gastronomic revival.

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e f Paul Ultsch: Back then in Schweinfurt . Book and idea publishing company, Schweinfurt, ISBN 3-9800480-1-2 , p. 10 ff.
  2. BayernAtlas: topographic map, cadastral plan, plan detail area Bodengasse. Retrieved October 3, 2019 .
  3. BayernAtlas: Historical map, cadastral plan sheet Schweinfurt (between 1833 and 1852), plan detail area Obertor. Retrieved October 3, 2019 .
  4. Peter Hofmann: schweinfurtfuehrer.de/Obertor. Retrieved September 25, 2019 .
  5. ^ A b Peter Hofmann: schweinfurtfuehrer.de/Die old city gates of Schweinfurt
  6. ^ Bavarian State Office for the Environment: Bavarian Air Hygiene Monitoring System (LÜB), Schweinfurt-Obertor station. (PDF) Retrieved September 26, 2019 .

Coordinates: 50 ° 2 '53.2 "  N , 10 ° 13' 55.1"  E