Occlusal plane

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Representation of the occlusal plane and the Speesch curve (compensation curve). Angular position of the teeth to the occlusal plane according to G.–H. Schumacher. The straight occlusal plane is marked by an artificial line from the front teeth to the molars . The angle information shows the deviations of the tooth axes from the perpendicular to the occlusal plane.

The occlusal plane (also chewing plane or occlusal plane ) describes the spatial plane on which the teeth of the upper and lower jaw meet. It is constructed inconsistently, on the one hand by the connecting lines between the incisal point (contact point of the cutting edges of teeth 31 and 41 ) and the distobuccal cusps of teeth 36 and 46 on the other hand by the connecting lines between the incisal point and the distobuccal cusp of teeth 37 and 47 and usually runs through the lip closing line. It is parallel to the bipupillary line (connecting line between the two pupils ) and roughly parallel to the Camper's plane . According to other definitions, it runs through the distal cusps of the second lower molars (molars).

In orthodontics , the occlusal plane is defined differently. Here it is constructed as the connecting line between two special points:

  1. vPOcP: a constructed point that is defined by dividing the length of the incisor overbite in half, i.e. the midpoint of the connecting line between the contact points of the upper and lower central incisors.
  2. hPOcP: the most distal point of contact of the last occluded molars.

The occlusal plane is used for metrological orientation for angular positions / angulations of the upper and lower teeth in relation to this occlusal plane and to display the angular position of the occlusal plane itself in relation to other reference lines of the skull.

This reference plane makes it possible to objectively measure misalignments (angulations) of the teeth and malfunctions of the teeth with respect to one another. A change in the angular position of the occlusal plane can also represent a serious malfunction of the chewing apparatus. The occlusal plane represents a rough mean value of the clinical occlusal curve (Spee's curve, compensation curve), the course of the natural occlusal planes of the individual teeth. These run in a curve which is particularly pronounced in the molar area and which in humans is practically never identical to the idealized straight occlusal plane.

Angular relationships between the reference planes on the skull and the occlusal plane
Reference plane angle scattering
Hinge axis orbitals plane 12.87 ° 5.99 °
Frankfurt horizontal 5.59 ° 5.73 °
Camper plane −7.84 ° 5.57 °

literature

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Slavicek: The functional determinants of the masticatory system. Verlag Zahnärztlich-Medizinisches Literatur, Munich 1984, ISBN 3-87394-025-6 , p. 70.
  2. ↑ Ralf Suckert: Occlusion Concepts . Verlag Neuer Merkur GmbH, 1992, ISBN 978-3-921280-86-7 , p. 140.
  3. ↑ Klaus M. Lehmann, Elmar Hellwig, Hans-Jürgen Wenz: Dental Propaedeutics: Introduction to Dentistry . Deutscher Ärzteverlag, 2012, ISBN 978-3-7691-3434-6 , p. 61.
  4. ↑ Klaus M. Lehmann, Elmar Hellwig: Zahnärztliche Propädeutik. 10th, revised edition. Elsevier, Urban & Fischer, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-437-05391-4 , p. 48.
  5. ↑ Terminology and nomenclature of the Working Group for Functional Diagnostics and Therapy (AFDT) and the German Society for Dental Prosthetics and Materials Science (DGzPW), V 2.0 of September 1, 2005, accessed on April 14, 2013
  6. ↑ Thomas Rakosi: Atlas and instructions for practical cephalometric analysis. 2nd, revised and expanded edition. Hanser, Munich et al. 1988, ISBN 3-446-14939-2 , p. 51.
  7. ↑ Slavicek: The functional determinants of the masticatory system. Verlag Zahnärztlich-Medizinisches Literatur, Munich 1984, ISBN 3-87394-025-6 , p. 72 ff.