Sutoru Castle

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Sutoru Castle
Alternative name Optatiana
limes Dacian Limes
section B / 96
Dating (occupancy) 2nd to 3rd century
Type Auxiliary fort
unit Numerus Maurorum Optatianensium
size 165 m × 220 m = 3.63 ha
State of preservation invisible ground monument
place Sutoru
Geographical location 46 ° 59 '9.9 "  N , 23 ° 15' 6"  E Coordinates: 46 ° 59 '9.9 "  N , 23 ° 15' 6"  E
height 270  m
Previous Resculum
(west-southwest, A / V / 21)
Fort Gilău
(south-southeast, B / 95)
Subsequently Românași Castle
(west-northwest, A / V / 23)
Backwards Napoca
(southeast, NN)

Fort Sutoru (ancient name Optatiana ) was a Roman auxiliary troop camp in the area of Sutoru , a village in the municipality of Zimbor , Sălaj County , in the Romanian region of Transylvania .

location

In today's settlement the ground monument is only a few hundred meters west of the village of Sutoru in the corridor "Gura Căpusului", where it is cut by the road connecting the communities of Zimbor and Cuzăplac . Topographically, it is located on a low terrace between the valleys of the Căpus and Almas streams. No traces are left on the surface of the agriculturally used area. In ancient times, the crew of the fort in the province of Dacia Porolissensis probably had the task of monitoring the intersection of several Roman roads.

Research history and preliminary archaeological findings

The Roman settlement Optatiana recorded on the Tabula Peutingeriana was suspected to be in the area around Sutoru as early as the 19th century. However, it was not until the beginning of the 21st century that secure localization finally took place in 2002. Since then, Romanian archeology has endeavored to gain further knowledge about the fort in various projects using geophysical and conventional archaeological methods. It seems certain that the warehouse has a rectangular floor plan with axial dimensions of 165 m by 220 m, which corresponds to a built-up area of ​​3.63 hectares. As evidenced by numerous brick stamps, the Numerus Maurorum Optatianensium (unity of the Moors at Optatiana) seems to have formed the core crew.

Lost property and monument protection

The finds are kept in the Muzeul Național de Istorie a Transilvaniei (National Museum of the History of Transylvania) in Cluj-Napoca .

The entire archaeological site and are in particular the castle according to the adopted in 2001 Law no. 422/2001 as historical monuments under protection and are using the LMI Code SJ-IsA-04964 in the national list of historic monuments ( Lista Monumentelor istorice ) entered . Responsible is the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage (Ministerul Culturii și Patrimoniului Na ,ional) , in particular the General Directorate for National Cultural Heritage, the Department of Fine Arts and the National Commission for Historical Monuments and other institutions subordinate to the Ministry. Unauthorized excavations and the export of ancient objects are prohibited in Romania.

See also

literature

  • Sorin Cociș, Radu Zăgreanu and Dan Tamba: Piese sculpturale din castrul roman de la Sutoru . Revista Bistriţei, XXIII (2009), pp. 53-67, ( digitized version ).
  • Florin and Ioan Fodoeran: The Roman Imperial Road between Sutoru and Porolissum. Cartographic and Topographic Study . Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Geographia 2 (2010).
  • Nicolae Gudea : The Dacian Limes. Materials on its story. In: Yearbook of the Römisch Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz. 44, 2, 1997, pp. 101f., ( Digitized version ).
  • Constantin Ilieş et al .: Raport privind cercetările arheologice de la Sutor . Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Theologia Greco-Catholica Varadiensis, XLVII / 1 (2002), pp. 131-151.
  • Felix Marcu: The Internal Planning of Roman Forts of Dacia . (= Bibliotheca Mvsei Napocensis XXX), Mega Publishing House, Cluj-Napoca 2009, ISBN 978-606-543-058-7 , p. 114, and plate 15.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Route / section / fort number (based on Nicolae Gudea , 1997).
  2. ↑ a b Nicolae Gudea: The Dacian Limes. Materials on its story. In: Yearbook of the Römisch Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz. 44, 2, 1997, pp. 101f., ( Digitized version ).
  3. ^ A b Felix Marcu: The Internal Planning of Roman Forts of Dacia . (= Bibliotheca Mvsei Napocensis XXX), Mega Publishing House, Cluj-Napoca 2009, ISBN 978-606-543-058-7 , p. 114, and plate 15.
  4. ↑ Tab. Peut. VIII, 3.
  5. ↑ Károly Torma: Adalék észagnyugati Dacia föld és feliratához . Budapest 1864, p. 10f.
  6. ↑ Muzeul Național de Istorie a Transilvaniei , official website (Romanian), accessed on February 28, 2019.
  7. ↑ Nicolae Gudea: The Dacian Limes. Materials on its story. In: Yearbook of the Römisch Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz. 44, 2, 1997, p. 102, ( digitized version ).
  8. ↑ List of historical monuments on the website of the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage