Orbiton

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Orbitons , along with holons and spinons, are one of three quasiparticles into which electrons in solids can split during spin-charge separation if they are extremely tightly enclosed at temperatures close to absolute zero . In theory, the electron can always be viewed as a bound state of the three, with the spinon carrying the spin , the orbiton carrying the orbital location and the holon carrying the charge of the electron, but under certain conditions they can be deconfined and behave like independent particles.

Overview

Orbitons can be thought of as energy that is stored in an orbital occupancy and can move through a material, in other words, an orbital-based excitation. An orbiton propagates through a material as a series of orbital excitations and relaxations of the electrons in a material without changing the spin of those electrons or the charge at any point in the material.

Electrons of the same charge state repel each other. As a result, they are forced to change their behavior in order to be able to walk past each other in an extremely crowded environment. Research published in July 2009 by the University of Cambridge and the University of Birmingham in England showed that electrons can jump from the surface of a metal to a nearby quantum wire through quantum tunneling, separating themselves into two quasiparticles called spinone and holone, according to the researchers .

The orbit was theoretically predicted by Van den Brink, Khomskii, and Sawatzky in 1997–1998.

Its experimental observation as a separate quasiparticle was reported in a paper that was sent to the publishers in September 2011. The research indicates that the firing of an X-ray photon beam on a single electron in a one-dimensional sample of strontium - cuprate stimulate the electron to a higher orbital, whereby the jet loses a fraction of its energy before it rebounds. The electron is separated into a spinon and an orbiton.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Discovery About Behavior Of Building Block Of Nature Could Lead To Computer Revolution. In: ScienceDaily . July 31, 2009, accessed August 1, 2009 .
  2. ↑ Y. Jompol et al. a .: Probing Spin-Charge Separation in a Tomonaga-Luttinger Liquid . In: Science . tape 325 , no. 5940 , July 31, 2009, p. 597-601 , doi : 10.1126 / science.1171769 , PMID 19644117 .
  3. ↑ HF Pen, J. van den Brink, DI Khomskii, GA Sawatzky: Orbital Ordering in a Two-Dimensional Triangular Lattice . In: Physical Review Letters . tape 78 , no. 7 , February 17, 1997, p. 1323-1326 , doi : 10.1103 / PhysRevLett.78.1323 .
  4. ↑ J. van den Brink, W. Stekelenburg, DI Khomskii, GA Sawatzky, KI Kugel: Elementary excitations in the coupled spin-orbital model . In: Physical Review B . tape 58 , no. 16 , October 15, 1998, pp. 10276-10282 , doi : 10.1103 / PhysRevB.58.10276 .
  5. ↑ J. Schlappa, K. Wohlfeld, KJ Zhou, M. Mourigal, MW Haverkort, VN Strocov, L. Hozoi, C. Monney, S. Nishimoto, S. Singh, A. Revcolevschi, J.-S. Caux, L. Patthey, HM Rønnow, J. Van Den Brink, T. Schmitt: Spin-orbital separation in the quasi-one-dimensional Mott insulator Sr 2 CuO 3 . In: Nature . 485, No. 7396, April 18, 2012, pp. 82-85. arxiv : 1205.1954 . bibcode : 2012Natur.485 ... 82S . doi : 10.1038 / nature10974 . PMID 22522933 .
  6. ↑ Zeeya Merali: Not-quite-so elementary, my dear electron . In: Nature News . April 18, 2012. doi : 10.1038 / nature.2012.10471 .