Ordonnance revolver 1872
| Ordonnance revolver 1872 | |
|---|---|
|
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| general information | |
| Military designation: | Ordonnance revolver 1872 |
| Country of operation: | Switzerland |
| Developer / Manufacturer: | Chamelot Delvigne, Rudolf Schmidt, manufacturer Pirlot Frères, Liège |
| Development year: | from 1870 |
| Manufacturer country: | Belgium |
| Production time: | since 1872, second series in 1877 |
| Model variants: | Rimfire ignition. From 1877 central fire ignition |
| Weapon Category: | revolver |
| Furnishing | |
| Overall length: | 278 mm |
| Weight: (unloaded) | 1 kg |
| Sight length : | 175 mm |
| Barrel length : | 150 mm |
| Technical specifications | |
| Caliber : | 10.4 mm orderly cartridge 1872/1878 |
| Possible magazine fillings : | 6 cartridges |
| Ammunition supply : | drum |
| Visor : | Rear sight and front sight |
| Lists on the subject | |
The Ordonnanzrevolver 1872 is an ordinance weapon of the Swiss Army introduced by the Federal Council of April 24, 1872 for arming mounted troops. The weapon initially fired a black powder cartridge with rimfire ignition in caliber 10.4 mm. Between 1872 and 1877, 900 of these revolvers were manufactured. The revolver was replaced in 1872 by the Ordonnanzrevolver 1878 System Warnant in caliber 10.4 mm with center fire ignition.
history
In the two decades before the Federal Council decided to introduce an orderly revolver for arming officers and mounted troops, the officers purchased their optional handguns privately. Muzzle-loading revolvers from Colt , Remington , cartridge revolvers based on the Lefaucheux system , Galand and others are known. In 1866, for example, the Federal Military Department acquired 300 to 400 Lefaucheux revolvers modified by the Revolver Commission at Beuret Frères, Liège, Belgium. These weapons were intended for sale to officers. Many of these revolvers were used at the time of the Franco-German War on the occasion of the border occupation in 1870/71 under the command of General Hans Herzog .
From 1869/70 onwards, attempts were made with revolvers from Smith & Wesson , Galand, Francotte and other manufacturers, with Major Rudolf Schmidt, later director of the Bern weapons factory, beginning to further develop the Chamelot & Delvigne revolver , which led to Bern having a corresponding one in 1871 Test revolver manufactured at Pirlot Frères, Liège. After successful tests of this prototype and some suggestions for amendment, 800 of these weapons (supplied in individual parts) with rimfire ignition were procured (Federal Council decision of April 24 and July 10, 1872) by the War Technology Department in 1872/73. They were checked and assembled by the Eidgenössische Montierwerkstätte, the predecessor of the Eidgenössische Waffenfabrik Bern . In 1877 there was a second delivery of 100 of these weapons, which may already have been set up for centerfire cartridges.
Federal Council resolution of April 24, 1872
- Adoption of the Revolver (CDS) Construction Chamelot, Delvigne & Schmidt as model 1872 for arming the guides and mounted NCOs of the artillery, replacing the previous percussion pistol model 1842.
Federal Council decision of September 27, 1878
- 1. Central firing mode for revolvers
- 2. Modification of the revolver in 1872
technology
Apart from details in the lock mechanism, barrel length and caliber, the Ordonnanzrevolver 1872 corresponds to the Chamelot-Delvigne army revolver model 1873 of the French and the 1871 model of the Belgian army manufactured by the Société Manufacturière d'Armes in St. Etienne . As with these, the lock of the Ordonnanzrevolver 1872 modified by Rudolf Schmidt is double-acting , for precision shooting the hammer is cocked by hand, for rapid shooting only the trigger is pulled.
A prototype of the revolver designed by Schmidt resulted in comparative shooting on 21/22. March 1872 with a Galand revolver whose drum held five rounds and a Smith & Wesson Model 3 revolver in caliber .44 American with 6-round drum the following results:
- Schmidt 1842 prototype, spread over 50 m: 31 cm
- Galand, spread over 50 m: 117 cm
- Smith & Wesson, dispersion over 50 m: 25 cm
At a distance of 100 m the bullet of the Galand revolver penetrated 1 cm of fir wood, the bullet of the Smith & Wesson 5 cm in the fir wood. No figures are known from the Schmidt 1842 prototype revolver. With a revolver further developed by Schmidt in 1875, during a test firing with center fire cartridges in caliber 10.4 mm, 6.3 cm of fir wood were penetrated at a distance of 90 m.
The 1872 revolvers had wooden grip shells, total length of the weapon 278 mm, weight 1000 g. The octagonal barrel, barrel length 150 mm in caliber 10.4 mm had 4 trains, depth of the trains 0.25 mm, a handle 250 mm, right hand twist.
From 1877 onwards, all 1872 revolvers were changed to center fire ignition.
ammunition
The revolvers manufactured in 1872 fired rimfire cartridges made in the Swiss Federal Laboratory in Thun, caliber 10.4 mm, with a tombak case, length 16.5 mm, charge: 1.5 g Swiss black powder No.1, expansion bullet: soft lead, lightly greased, weight 11 g . Length of the cartridge 30.5 mm, weight 15 g.
The 10.4 mm caliber center fire cartridges used after 1877 (tolerance max. 10.45, min. 10.35 mm) were made of brass cases, length 20 mm. Weight: 3.8 g, load 1 g black powder No. 1, bullet: lead wrapped in paper, externally greased, weight of the bullet 12.5 g plus 0.8 g, length of the cartridge 32 mm, total weight: 17.5 g. Initial speed: 185 m / sec.
literature
- Kriss Reinhart, Jürg A. Meier: Pistols and revolvers in Switzerland since 1720 . Stocker-Schmid, 1998, ISBN 3-7276-7128-9 .
- Eugen Heer: The handguns from 1850 to the present . Akademische Druck und Verlagsanstalt, Graz - Austria 1976, ISBN 3-201-00967-9 .
- Gerhard Bock, Charlottenburg: Modern handguns . J. Neumann, Neudamm, Germany 1911.
- Clement Bosson: Poor Individuals you Soldat Suisse . Editions Pierre-Marcel Favre, Publi SA, Lausanne 1980, ISBN 2-8289-0035-5 .
- Switzerland. Military department: orderly with drawing boards for the Swiss revolver 10.4 mm . Lithograph by F. Lips, Bern 1879.