Organs of the Bovenkerk (Kampen)

Organs of the Bovenkerk (Kampen)
General
place	Bovenkerk
Organ builder	Albertus Antonius Hinsz
Construction year	1743
epoch	Baroque
Organ landscape	Netherlands
Technical specifications
Number of registers	56
Number of rows of pipes	72
Number of manuals	4th
Tone tract	Mechanically
Register action	Mechanically

The console of the Hinsz organ

The organs of the Bovenkerk (Kampen) are the large main organ on the west gallery and the small choir organ in the Gothic Bovenkerk in Kampen, the Netherlands . The former was essentially given its present form by Albertus Antonius Hinsz in 1743 and today has four manuals and 56 stops . There is also a two-manual choir organ from Reil from 1999 with 29 registers and a small organ positive from Sicco Steendam from 2012 with one register in the church.

Main organ

Building history

Predecessor organs

An organ must already have existed around 1400, since in 1403 a Nicolaus Koleman is attested as "the orghaniste". It is not unlikely that the organ builder Jacob van Bilsteyn, who lived in Kampen around 1460, was active on the organ, but it has not yet been documented. After 1460 there was talk of organists in the plural, which suggests that the church now had a larger organ. In 1524, the payment of a larger organ is regulated by "meester Johan van Kovelens" (J. van Covelen). In the other calculations by Kovelens between 1527 and 1542, in addition to a certain "meester hans", the master servant Hendrik Niehoff is mentioned. An extensive renovation with an extension conversion took place in 1570 by Casper Noster. In the 16th century the church also had a second, smaller organ with two manuals. It is not known when this instrument was removed. A repair of the large organ by the brothers Cornelis and Michael Slegel is attested in 1581. Maintenance work was carried out by Johan Morleth between 1626 and 1647.

New construction by Slegel 1670–1676

In the course of work on the west tower, the old organ was first dismantled in 1669. In 1670, a new building was decided in a contract , for which the five existing bellows and usable pipe material were to be taken over from the previous organ . The construction was delayed by the invasion of troops from Munster and France. In 1676 the new organ at the north portal was completed. The reconstructed disposition from 1670 was as follows:

I rugpositief Quintads 08th' Prestant 04 ′ Holfluit 04 ′ Octaaf 02 ′ Quintfluit 1 1 ⁄ 2  ′ Sifflet 01' Trumpet 08th' Sesquialter II-III0 Mixture II-III Scherp 02 ′

II “Bovenste” work Prestant 08th' Holpijp 08th' Prestant 04 ′ Fluit 04 ′ Quint 03 ′ Super octaaf 02 ′ Gemshoorn 02 ′ Nasard 1 1 ⁄ 2  ′ Sifflet 01' Mixture II-III D0 Scherp II-III Tertiaan 01'

Pedal Bourdon (made of lead) 16 ′ Octaaf 08th' Octaaf 04 ′ Mixture 02 ′ Trumpet 08th' Vox Humana0 08th'

Fresco with musicians (1687?) Behind the organ, which provides information about the contours of the organ and gallery at that time. After the organ was expanded later, the frescoes are no longer visible from below.

For optical and acoustic reasons, the Slegel organ was placed back on the west gallery in 1686/87. The frescoes on the tower wall behind the organ probably date from this time . In the years 1694 to 1712 Johan Duyschot carried out maintenance and repair work, possibly also small changes in disposition. For according to the carefully compiled description of the state before 1741 by Hinsz, the instrument had three further stops compared to the 1670 disposition: Prestant 16 ′, Trompet 16 ′ and Cornet 8 ′, but no longer had a pedal. It may have been converted into a third manual.

Extension conversion by Hinsz 1741–1743

In 1741, the famous Albertus Antonius Hinsz, who continued the school of Arp Schnitger in the Netherlands , could be won over for a restoration and an extension. The organ of today was decisively shaped by Hinsz in terms of appearance and sound. Hinsz expanded the range of the keyboard and the disposition, added a third manual and replaced the action , wind turbine and wind chests . The pedal was just attached. It was therefore the largest instrument by Hinsz (III / P / 33). Hinz was entrusted with the maintenance until his death in 1785. The disposition now looked like this:

I Rugwerk C – c 3 Prestant * 08th' Holpijp 08th' Octaaf * 04 ′ Fluit 04 ′ Imagined quint0 03 ′ Octaaf 02 ′ Sifflet ** 02 ′ Mixture III-IV ** Sexquialter III ** Dulciaan * 08th' Tremulant

II Hoofdwerk C – c 3 Prestant * 16 ′ Bourdon * 16 ′ Prestant 08th' Holpijp 08th' Octaaf 04 ′ Fluit 04 ′ Quint 03 ′ Octaaf 02 ′ Mixture III-V *0 Scherp III Tertiaan II Trumpet * 16 ′ Trumpet * 08th'

III Bovenwerk C – c 3 Prestant * 08th' Quintads 08th' Roerfluit * 08th' Octaaf 04 ′ Fluit 04 ′ Speelfluit * 03 ′ Gemshoorn 02 ′ Nasard 1 1 ⁄ 2  ′ Scherp III Vox Humana0 08th' Tremulant

The registers marked with * are new from Hinsz, those with ** are partly new from Hinsz

• Pair: II / I, II / III, II / I / III

Extension conversion by Freytag / Schnitger 1788–1790

After Hinsz's death, plans arose to expand the organ to include a separate pedal. Heinrich Hermann Freytag , head student from Hinsz, continued the master's workshop in Groningen together with Frans Casper Snitger Jr., Arp Schnitger's grandson and von Hinsz's stepson . They added a free pedal and a small breastwork to the instrument and made small changes to the disposition (IV / P / 46).

Changes in the 19th century

Various repairs and disposition changes were made in the 19th century. JC Scheuer exchanged individual registers in 1817. A. van Gruisen replaced other parts and looked after the organ until 1839. Zwier van Dijk carried out further repairs and replaced and added some parts.

Maintenance and restoration in the 20th century

A nephew of Zwier van Dijk by the name of J. Proper took care of it from 1894 to 1937, the Sanders company from 1938 to 1957. During the restoration of the Bovenkerk (1957–1966), the organ was relocated, but in 1965 the Rückpositiv was reinstalled. to have an instrument to accompany the church singing. The restoration of the organ by the Bakker & Timmenga company lasted until 1976. The difficult fundamental question of which condition should be taken as a basis was solved by a second top drawer on which the pipework from the years 1790 and 1866 could be retained. Lost registers have been reconstructed. Bakker & Timmenga took over maintenance until 1999. The organ builder Gebr. Reil has been taking care of the maintenance since 2000.

Disposition since 1975

Today's disposition is:

I Rugwerk C – c 3 Prestant 08th'0 H Holpijp 08th' S. Octaaf 04 ′ H Fluit 04 ′ S / H Gedakt Quint0 03 ′ H / BT Octaaf 02 ′ S. Fluit 02 ′ H / BT Sifflet 01' BT Sexquialter III D0 BT Mixture III – IV S / H Bassoon 16 ′ FS Tremulant

II Hoofdwerk C – c 3 Prestant 16 ′0 H Bourdon 16 ′ S. Prestant 08th' S / H Holpijp 08th' S. Octaaf 04 ′ S. Fluit 04 ′ S. Quint 03 ′ S. Super octaaf 02 ′ S. Mixture III-V B / D0 S. Tertiaan II BT Scherp III BT Trumpet B / D 16 ′ H Trumpet 08th' H

III Bovenwerk I C – c 3 Prestant 08th' S / H Roerfluit H Quintads S. Fluit 04 ′ M. Octaaf 04 ′ BT Speelfluit 03 ′ H Germshoorn 02 ′ M. Nassat 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′0 BT Scherp III BT Vox Humana0 08th' S / H Tremulant III Bovenwerk II C – c 3 Holpijp 8th'0 G Salicionaal 8th' G Fluit travers 8th' G Principaal 4 ′ G Spitsfluit 2 ′ G Flageolet 1' G Carillon III D0 G Trumpet 8th' G

IV Brushwork C – c 3 Gedakt B / D0 8th'0 FS Fluit B / D 4 ′ FS Woudfluit 2 ′ FS Dulciaan 8th' H Tremulant

Pedal C – d 1 Prestant 16 ′0 H Subbas 16 ′ FS Octaaf 08th' FS Gedekt 08th' FS Roerquint 06 ′ FS Octaaf 04 ′ FS Open fluit0 02 ′ BT Bazuin 16 ′ FS Trumpet 08th' FS Cornet 04 ′ FS

• Pair: II / P, III / II, II / I, III / III, IV / III

M = Johan Morleth (1629)

S = Slegel Brothers (1676)

H = Albertus Antonius Hinsz (1743)

FS = Heinrich Hermann Freytag and Franz Caspar Schnitger jr. (1790)

G = A. van Gruisen et al. a. (around 1825)

BT = Bakker & Timmenga (1975)

Technical specifications

• Action:
  • Tone action: mechanical
  • Stop action: mechanical
• Mood :
  • Height a ¹ = 448 Hz
  • Equal mood

Choir organ

Organs of the Bovenkerk (Kampen)
General
place	Bovenkerk (Kampen)
Organ builder	Organ building Gebr. Reil
Construction year	1999
epoch	20th century
Organ landscape	Netherlands
Technical specifications
Number of registers	29
Number of rows of pipes	42
Number of manuals	3
Tone tract	Mechanically
Register action	Mechanically

Sidewalls of the choir organ in the shape of a sturgeon , which plays a major role in Kamper folklore

In addition to the Hinsz organ, there has been a choir organ in the church since 1999. A special feature is that there is a trumpet register above the upper section housing. Due to the different moods / pitches, the main and choir organs are not suitable for being played at the same time. The disposition comprises 28 registers on two manuals, a récit with only a single register and pedal:

I Hoofdwerk CD – e 3 Praestant * 08th' Quintads 16 ′ Gedekt 08th' Octaaf * 04 ′ Spitsfluit 04 ′ Quint 03 ′ Octaaf 02 ′ Sesquialter II Cornet IV Mixture IV – V0 02 ′ Trumpet 16 ′ Trumpet 08th'

II Bovenwerk CD – e 3 Praestant * 04 ′ Gedekt 08th' Quintads 08th' Roerfluit 04 ′ Nasard 03 ′ Gemshoorn 02 ′ Octaaf 02 ′ Quintfluit 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′ Mixture III – IV0 01' Dulciaan 08th'

III Récit c 1 –e 3 Clear II

Pedal CD – d 1 Octaaf 08th' Subbas 16 ′ Octaaf 04 ′ Night horn0 02 ′ Bazuin 16 ′ Trumpet 08th'

The registers marked with * are doubled in the treble.

• Playing aids : a tremulant for the entire organ and a cymbal star
• Coupling: Manuaalkoppel, Schuifkoppel , Hoofdwerk - Récit, Pedaalkoppel - Hoofdwerk, Pedaalkoppel - Bovenwerk
• Mood: waiter; a = 440 Hz. at 16 ° C

Organ positive

In 2012, Sicco Steendam built a positive organ that is used as a continuo instrument. The organ has a supporting register (Holpijp 8 ′), which is adjusted to the size of the room. The manual includes CDEFGA – c ³ . The pitch can be flexibly adjusted from 415 Hz to 442.

Web links

Commons : Organs of the Bovenkerk  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Homepage of the parish

literature

• WD van der Kleij, Willem Hendrik Zwart : Orgels en organisten in Kampen . Ijsselacademie, Kampen 1995, ISBN 90-6697-080-4 .
• Maarten A. Vente: The Brabant Organ. On the history of organ art in Belgium and Holland in the Gothic and Renaissance ages . HJ Paris, Amsterdam 1963.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Homepage of the church : Predecessor organs, accessed on November 1, 2017.
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Homepage of the Church : Dispositions, accessed on November 1, 2017.
3. ↑ Homepage of the church : Cutlery from Hinsz, accessed on November 1, 2017.
4. ↑ Homepage of the church : Choir organ, accessed on November 1, 2017.
5. ^ Organ positive , accessed on November 1, 2017.

Coordinates: 52 ° 33 ′ 18 ″  N , 5 ° 55 ′ 11 ″  E