Frans Casper Snitger
Frans Casper Snitger (born November 12, 1724 in Alkmaar , † November 12, 1799 in Groningen ) was a Dutch organ builder and, together with Heinrich Hermann Freytag, continued the Schnitger tradition in the Netherlands.
Life
Frans Casper Snitger was born as the grandson of Arp Schnitger and the son of Franz Caspar Schnitger , with whom he is occasionally confused, and Anna Margaretha Debberts (1693–1761). On November 15, 1724 he was baptized in Alkmaar. According to Dutch conventions, he no longer wrote himself “Schnitger”. Albertus Antonius Hinsz married the widow of Franz Caspar Schnitger in Groningen on December 28, 1732 and became Snitger's stepfather. As Hinsz's health deteriorated, Snitger increasingly took on maintenance work (from 1770). From 1780 he did a lot of vocal work and received the appropriate remuneration. However, he never signed the contracts for new buildings or conversions that his father-in-law had made. In its last new building in Uithuizermeeden (1780–1785), which Hinsz was unable to complete, he entrusted the completion of the project to his master craftsman Matthijs Hansen Hardorff (1747–1802) and not Snitger. After the death of Hinsz in 1785, Frans Casper Snitger, who was now over 60 years old and remained single, did not continue the Groningen workshop alone. He entered into a cooperative partnership with Heinrich Hermann Freytag, with whom he had worked for several years in the Hinsz workshop, under the name “Snitger & Freytag”. From 1788 onwards, Snitger appeared almost exclusively with voice work and as a recipient of maintenance costs. When he died in 1799, Freytag took over the sole management of the organ building workshop and led organ building to a new boom in the northern Netherlands. The older new buildings from Snitger & Freytag are still shaped by Arp Schnitger in terms of sound and appearance. In contrast, the external shape of the later instruments is increasingly influenced by classicism .
Like his parents and grandparents, Snitger was raised in the Lutheran faith and attended the Lutheran Church in Groningen, where he had owned a crypt since 1784. Every year he rented a seat in the church for two guilders and ten students , as did Hinsz, whose place cost three guilders a year. It is significant that it was not Snitger but Freytag who took over the organ workshop as the new owner in 1785, one month after Hinsz's death. Until his death, Snitger lived in the Harderingestraat in Groningen, right next to the Lutheran Church and Hinsz's workshop. His apartment belonged to the Lutheran Church. There he was buried in his crypt on November 18, 1799. The organ in Bellingwolde is the last instrument of a member of the organ building family S (ch) nitger.
List of works
The following work by Snitger & Freytag has largely been preserved. In the fifth column, a capital "P" indicates an independent pedal, and a lower-case "p" indicates an attached pedal.
year | place | church | image | Manuals | register | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1785 | Groningen | Doopsgezindekerk | I / p | 8th | Replaced in 1816 by a new building by Johann Wilhelm Timpe | |
1785-1786 | Godlinze | Hervormde Kerk | I / p | 12 | Conversion of the organ by Arp Schnitger (1704, II / p? / 16) into a one-manual work (I / p / 12); Housing, prospectus and most of the registers preserved | |
1786 | Kampen | Buitenkerk | II / P | 20th | Repair of the organ by AA Hinsz (1754) | |
1786 | Zwolle | Evangelical Lutherse Kerk | I / p | 10 | Repair of the organ by Franz Caspar and Johann Jürgen (Georg) Schnitger, which was transferred to Duurswoude in 1917; received there (photo) | |
1787 | Zwolle | Sint-Michaëlskerk | III / P | 64 | Repair of the organ by Arp Schnitger (1721) | |
1788 | Meeden | Benedictuskerk | I / p | 8th | Repair of the organ by Jost Sieburg / AA Hinsz | |
1788-1790 | Kampen | Bovenkerk | III / P | 46 | Extension of the organ (1741–1743) by a free pedal and a breastwork (today IV / P / 56) → Organs of the Bovenkerk (Kampen) | |
1790-1792 | 't Zandt | Mariakerk | II / p | 12 | Reconstruction of the organ (1662) on a new gallery with new wind chests , actions and keyboards ; 11 registers and a large part of the case were taken over; Expansion with 4 additional notes in the bass and 2 in the treble in all registers; 3 registers from 1792 preserved | |
1792 | Bierum | Hervormde Kerk | I / p | 10 | New building; the first organ in the province of Groningen with a console at the side; well preserved | |
1792 | Kampen | Waalse Kerk | Repair; not received | |||
1792-1793 | Zuidhorn | Hervormde Kerk | I / p | 12 | New building to replace an older organ; 1924 expanded and extensively rebuilt; 2012 restoration and reconstruction; Half of the registers preserved | |
1793 | Ezinge | Hervormde Kerk | I / p | 10 | Realization of the organ by an unknown organ builder (around 1750, Johannes Jacobus Moreau?); largely preserved | |
1793 | Groningen | Martinikerk | III / P | 47 | Repairs to the organ of the Martinikerk , which today has 52 stops; Snitger renewed the feet on some 32-foot pedal whistles | |
1793 | Clearing | Hervormde Kerk | II / p | 17th | Repair of the organ by AA Hinsz (1777–80) | |
1794 | Leens | Petruskerk | II / P | 27 | Repair of the organ by AA Hinsz (1733–34); Changes in the 19th and 20th centuries | |
1793-1795 | Zuidbroek | Petruskirche | II / P | 28 | New building in the Louis-Seize style to replace the old organ by Andreas de Mare (1578); In 1853 and 1884, minor changes were made by Petrus van Oeckelen , otherwise largely preserved in the original | |
1796 | Uithuizermeeden | Hervormde Kerk | II / P | 28 | Repair of the organ by AA Hinsz; later various changes by other organ builders | |
around 1796 | Built in Groningen, today in Weener | Organeum | I. | 5 | Bureau organ built into a secretary; receive | |
1796-1798 | Bellingwolde | Magnuskerk | II / p | 17th | New building; Originally preserved except for two reconstructed registers |
literature
- Richard Kassel: The Organ. To Encyclopedia . Ed .: Douglas E. Bush, Richard Kassel. Routledge, New York, London 2006, ISBN 0-415-94174-1 , pp. 254-255 ( online ).
- Gustav Fock : Arp Schnitger and his school. A contribution to the history of organ building in the North and Baltic Sea coast areas . Bärenreiter, Kassel 1974, ISBN 3-7618-0261-7 .
- Koos Tiggelaar, Albert Valstar: Freytag & Snitger in compagnie: een introductie tot het Werk van Heinrich Hermann Freytag en diens compagnon Frans Caspar Schnitger junior, "afsluiters" van de 18de new Gronings-Hamburgse orgelmakersschool . Kerkvoogdij Hervormde Gemeente Oostwold, Oostwold 1990.
- LB Smit: Frans Casper Snitger & Heinrich Hermann Freijtag en de (Noord-) Nederlandse markt voor kerkorgels rond 1800 . RuG, Groningen 2003.
Web links
- Various dispositions by Schnitger, Hinsz and Freytag (PDF file; 501 kB)
- Organ in Bellingwolde (with information about Schnitger / Hinsz / Freytag)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Gustav Fock : Arp Schnitger and his school. A contribution to the history of organ building in the North and Baltic Sea coast areas . Bärenreiter, Kassel 1974, ISBN 3-7618-0261-7 , p. 247 .
- ^ Richard Kassel: The Organ. To Encyclopedia . Ed .: Douglas E. Bush, Richard Kassel. Routledge, New York, London 2006, ISBN 0-415-94174-1 , pp. 254-255 ( online ).
- ↑ a b Organ in Bellingwolde , as seen on June 15, 2011.
- ↑ Gustav Fock : Arp Schnitger and his school. A contribution to the history of organ building in the North and Baltic Sea coast areas . Bärenreiter, Kassel 1974, ISBN 3-7618-0261-7 , p. 224 .
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Snitger, Frans Casper |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Schnitger, Franz Caspar jr. |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Dutch organ builder |
DATE OF BIRTH | November 12, 1724 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Alkmaar |
DATE OF DEATH | November 12, 1799 |
Place of death | Groningen |