Andreas de Mare

Andreas de Mare (* before 1540 ; † after 1599 ) was a Dutch-German master organ builder of the late renaissance who had his seat in Groningen and later in Verden and Bremen . Nine new buildings and ten other activities on own or third-party organs are documented, but only individual stops or organ parts from de Mare survive today.

Life

Andreas de Mare ("Gandavensis") came from Ghent and moved - possibly due to his Protestant faith - to Groningen , where he carried out two large organ projects. In 1560 he acquired the so-called minor citizenship for himself and his sons Christoffer and Marten de Mare in Groningen . From 1566 he was mainly active in East Frisia . In 1583 at the latest he moved to Verden (Aller) and later to Bremen, where his son Marten had been an organ builder since 1595. After 1587 he worked in Hanover, Loccum and Stadthagen .

He is the founder of a family of organs that can be traced back to Groningen and Bremen from 1540 to 1740. His son Marten († 1612) and another relative, who was also called Andreas (or Andries) and who built a number of new organs in Groningen in the 17th century, became famous . Andreas de Mares I stepson Anthoni Waelckens was active in the Groningerland between the 1620s and 1640s with conversions and repairs and a few new buildings, which are characterized by a conservative style and based on de Mare.

plant

Andreas de Mare is considered a progressive organ builder. So he built transmissions from the main work for the usually attached pedal .

In 1566/67 he built a new organ in the Ludgerikirche Norden as a choir organ with double doors, which replaced an earlier positive . When this instrument was affected by war damage, Edo Evers built a new work in 1618, using some old de Mare stops that are still preserved today and of particular tonal quality. Evers integrated other remaining registers and case parts of the northern organ into his organ in Osteel (1619), which have also been preserved.

Organ of the Great Church (Leer)

In 1590 (perhaps as early as 1570) de Mare probably built an organ for the Thedinga monastery (near Leer ). When the instrument was donated by Count Enno III in 1609 . was bequeathed to the Great Church in Leer , Martin de Mare Register took over for his new building there, while in 1610 he moved the magnificent case with the decorated prospect pipes to the Gutskapelle von Stellichte (today: St.-Georg-Christophorus-Jodokus-Kirche ), where it can still be admired today. The inner pipework was reconstructed in 1985 by Jürgen Ahrend in the style of the original Renaissance instrument . A scientific institute of the Organeum under the direction of Winfried Dahlke examined the inscriptions (tone letters) on the old pipes of the organ in Leer in 2006–2008 in order to shed light on the historical condition of the instrument. Apparently the basic stock still comes from Andreas and Martin de Mare.

List of works

In the fifth column, the Roman number denotes the number of manuals , a capital "P" denotes an independent pedal , a small "p" denotes an attached pedal and the Arabic number in the penultimate column denotes the number of sounding registers . Italics indicate that the organ in question is no longer preserved.

year	place	church	image	Manuals	register	Remarks
1542-1543	Groningen	Martinikerk		III / p		Extension of the organ; Hauptwerk and Oberwerk cases and some de Mare registers preserved; later considerably expanded → organs of the Martinikerk (Groningen)
1557	Uithuizermeeden	Hervormde Kerk				Sold to Uithuizen in 1781 and to Niehove in 1908 , where the organ is partially preserved
1558	Groningen	Aa-kerk				Reconstruction of the transept organ (around 1470); seven registers preserved → organs of Der Aa-kerk (Groningen)
1562	Loppersum	Hervormde Kerk		II / p		Attribution; 1665 new building using older material by possibly Hendrick Huis; 1735/36 pipework of the main plant replaced by Albertus Antonius Hinsz and in 1803 pipework of the Rückpositiv by Heinrich Hermann Freytag ; Prospectus received
1566-1567	north	Ludgerikirche		III / p	18th	New choir organ , from which some registers were taken over by Edo Evers and Arp Schnitger in a later new building and some are still preserved today → Organ of the Ludgerikirche (north)
around 1571	Appingedam	Nicolaikirche		II / p	at 14	New building with breastwork, organ rebuilt several times; 4 registers completely and 5 partially preserved
1578	Zuidbroek	Hervormde Kerk				New building; 1793-1795 by a new building by Franz Caspar Schnitger jr. and Heinrich Herman Freytag replaced
1578-1582	Emden	Big church		II / P	11 or 12	Extension of the organ, which was taken over from the former Blauhaus monastery in today's Woltzeten in 1568 ; not received
1585-1587	Bremen	St. Stephani				New building; not received
1589-1594	Hanover	Market Church				Henning Henke and Severin Krosche completed the new building; expanded by Adolph Compenius around 1640 ; later replaced
1590 (1570?)	at empty	Thedinga Monastery		I / p	9	The organ was bequeathed to the Great Church in Leer in 1609 ; de Mare used some of this organ for his new organ there; some registers preserved, possibly also parts of the Hauptwerk case. → Organ of the Great Church (Leer) The old case ended up in the St. Georg Christophorus Jodokus Church in Stellichte, where it has been preserved to this day (photo).
1594-1599	Loccum	Loccum monastery church		II / P	23	New building; not received
1590s	Stadthagen	St. Martini Church				New building (?); not received

literature

• Winfried Dahlke , Jürgen Ahrend : The documentation of the organ in the Evangelical Reformed Church in Leer - the historical pipework . Noetzel, Wilhelmshaven 2011, ISBN 3-7959-0927-9 (first edition: 2008).
• Cornelius H. Edskes : The organ building in the Ems-Dollart area in Gothic and Renaissance . In: Ostfriesland. Magazine for culture, economy and transport . No. 2 , 1978, p. 29-33 .
• Walter Hans Kaufmann : The organs of East Frisia . East Frisian Landscape, Aurich 1968.
• Ibo Ortgies : The practice of organ tuning in northern Germany in the 17th and 18th centuries and its relationship to contemporary music practice . Göteborgs universitet, Göteborg 2004 ( gbv.de [PDF; 5.4 MB ] rev. 2007 version).
• Uwe Pape , Winfried Topp: organs and organ builders in Bremen . 3. Edition. Pape Verlag, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-921140-64-1 .
• Fritz Piersig : The organs of the Bremen city churches in the 17th and 18th centuries . In: Bremisches Jahrbuch . tape 35 , 1935, pp. 379-425 ( brema.suub.uni-bremen.de ).
• Auke H. Vlagsma: Andreas en Marten de Mare Orgelmakers van de Renaissance - Deel 1: Inleiding en works van Andreas de Mare . In: Het Orgel . tape 109 , 2013, p. 36-41 .
• Auke H. Vlagsma: Andreas en Marten de Mare. Orgelmakers uit de Renaissance. Deel 2: Works by Andreas en Marten de Mare . In: Het Orgel . tape 110 , 2014, p. 18-29 .
• Harald Vogel , Günter Lade, Nicola Borger-Keweloh: Organs in Lower Saxony . Hauschild Verlag, Bremen 1997, ISBN 3-931785-50-5 .
• Harald Vogel, Reinhard Ruge, Robert Noah, Martin Stromann: Organ landscape Ostfriesland . 2nd Edition. Soltau-Kurier-Norden, Norden 1997, ISBN 3-928327-19-4 .
• Maarten Albert Vente : The Brabant Organ. On the history of organ art in Belgium and Holland in the Gothic and Renaissance ages . HJ Paris, Amsterdam 1963.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Pape, Topp: Organs and Organ Builders in Bremen. 2003, p. 403.
2. ↑ Bürgerbuch der Altstadt 1586–1609 June 19. Bremer Staatsarchiv , Bremen, signature: 2-P.8.A.19.a.2.a, p. 68.
3. ^ Vente, Brabanter Orgel , pp. 133, 212.
4. ↑ Dahlke, Ahrend: The documentation of the organ in the Evangelical Reformed Church in Leer. 2011.
5. ↑ Klaas Bolt: Orgelarchiv , p. 134 f (Dutch) (PDF file; 5.95 MB).
6. ^ Organ in Appingedam , accessed on January 9, 2019.
7. ^ Organ in Zuidbroek , accessed on January 9, 2019.
8. ^ Organs of the Marktkirche Hanover , accessed on January 9, 2019.
9. ^ Organ in Loccum , accessed on January 9, 2019.