Oskar Rosenfelder

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Oskar Rosenfelder (born June 7, 1878 in Bamberg ; † 1950 ) was a German paper manufacturer and the inventor of the paper handkerchiefs Tempo .

Life

Oskar Rosenfelder was born in Bamberg as the son of the hop trader Issak Rosenfelder. The family was of Jewish denomination . His brothers were Emil Rosenfelder and Karl Rosenfelder. He was married to Hedwig, b. Nussbaum (born June 1, 1886 Nuremberg ). The couple had two sons Hans Alex (born March 16, 1912 Nuremberg) and Erich (born December 29, 1914 Nuremberg). Until they fled from the Nazis, the family lived in Nuremberg, Am Maxfeld 175.

Companies

In 1905 the entry "Bamberger Closetpapierfabrik GmbH im Kaipershof 1" appears in the business directory of the Bamberg address book. Oskar Rosenfelder and his brother Emil join as partners. The brothers sold the company to Georg Kailing and Leonhard Hahn in 1906 in order to found the United Paper Works Heroldsberg AG, whose main shareholders they became. The administrative headquarters were in Nuremberg, production took place in Heroldsberg and later also in Forchheim .

On January 29, 1929, Oskar Rosenfelder registered the Tempo trademark with the Reich Patent Office in Berlin. The trademark was registered on September 18 and published in the trademark gazette on October 15, 1929. The trademark number is 407752. The brand name Tempo was entirely in keeping with the spirit of the 1920s. Rosenfelder and his brother Emil felt the time was fast moving and so came up with the brand name.

Aryanization and expulsion

Until the Nazis came to power, Rosenfelder was one of the most respected entrepreneurs in Nuremberg. The terror began shortly after Hitler came to power: First, the Heroldsberg NSDAP local group leader Lorenz Goldfuß von Rosenfelder demanded 24,000 Reichsmarks from him, using physical violence and terror under the pretext that he had embezzled canteen money. Rosenfelder was escorted from the factory to the bank by three gunmen, where he withdrew 12,000 Reichsmarks and paid it out to Goldfuß. In September 1933, Julius Streicher initiated a campaign against the so-called “Camelia Brothers” in his anti-Semitic smear newspaper Der Stürmer , because the company, which was wholly owned by Jewish shareholders, also sold the “Camelia” brand (binding).

Just before the planned arrest, the Rosenfelders managed to flee Germany from the Nazis in August 1933 through a gesture from an employee. You had previously tried to transfer the ownership and disposal rights of the German company by setting up a company in England. However, the Nuremberg public prosecutor opened a case of alleged foreign exchange offense and applied for the confiscation of the domestic property, which the Nuremberg-Fürth Regional Court followed shortly afterwards. A care worker was appointed and the Deutsche Bank, which had recently granted the brothers a loan, was now looking for a buyer for the block of shares that had been deposited as security for the loan. So the Aryanization of the company was initiated in accordance with the National Socialist goal. For a fraction of its actual value, the share package went to one of the greatest entrepreneurs in the Nazi era: Gustav Schickedanz . The Fürth entrepreneur and NSDAP city councilor Gustav Schickedanz, the founder of the Quelle mail-order company , was considered "a favorite of the Gauleitung"; he bought this block of shares in 1934 at a price of 110%. The actual value would have been at least 140% of the nominal value of the shares. With the purchase, Schickedanz had become significantly dependent on the local NSDAP party sizes, which he compensated with a party donation of 20,000 Reichsmarks.

After the Second World War

The damaged Jewish owners who were driven out of the country tried to assert their rights in Germany after the collapse of the National Socialist regime. Emil Rosenfelder died in 1945/46 and Oskar Rosenfelder also died in 1950, who accused Schickedanz of having acquired the majority of the shares completely free of charge. “After the end of the Nazi regime, Schickedanz was initially banned from working” and was classified as a follower in 1949 , “whereupon he was allowed to work again as an entrepreneur relatively quickly. According to the complaint of the Nuremberg-Fürth Chamber of Appeals, over 7 million D-Marks from Jewish property came to him from his total property of 9,331,735 D-Marks. In 1951, the mail-order company paid the Rosenfelder heirs 3.25 million Deutschmarks in compensation ”.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Rosenfelder, Oskar. German biography, accessed February 1, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Herbert Loebl , Juden in Bamberg 1999, p. 304
  3. ↑ http://www.architekt-hansvogel.de/portfolio/modernisierung-rosenfelder-villa/
  4. ↑ DPMA trademark register, register information RN407752: Word mark Tempo, registered on September 18, 1929.
  5. ↑ a b c Uwe Ritzer: A German story . In: sueddeutsche.de . January 25, 2019, ISSN  0174-4917 ( sueddeutsche.de [accessed January 28, 2019]).
  6. ↑ Peter Zinke, "He threatened again with the Gauleitung": Gustav Schickedanz un die "Arisierungen", in: nurinst 2008, yearbook of the Nuremberg Institute for Nazi Research and Jewish History of the 20th Century 2008, ISBN 978-3-938286- 34-0 , p. 64
  7. ↑ Peter Zinke, "He threatened again with the Gauleitung": Gustav Schickedanz un die "Arisierungen", in: nurinst 2008, yearbook of the Nuremberg Institute for Nazi Research and Jewish History of the 20th Century 2008, ISBN 978-3-938286- 34-0 , p. 65
  8. ↑ https://museen.nuernberg.de/fileadmin/mdsn/pdf/Dokuzentrum/Presseinfos/2012/2012_11_12_pi_arisierung.pdf
  9. ↑ https://www.cicero.de/wirtschaft/quelles-d%C3%BCstere-vergangenheit/39923
  10. ^ The Dresdner Bank and the German Jews. (on Google Books)
  11. ^ Dieter Ziegler: Review of: Schöllgen, Gregor: Gustav Schickedanz. Biography of a revolutionary. Berlin 2010, in: H-Soz-Kult, March 24, 2011
  12. ↑ http://www.hsozkult.de/publicationreview/id/rezbuecher-15087
  13. ^ State Archives Nuremberg, Spruchkammerakten Schickedanz (SprK Sch) 472 / 1-5.
  14. ↑ Eckart Dietzfelbinger: Why brown spots do not remain a blemish: Comments on the Gustav Schickedanz case. In: transit. Journal of Politics and Contemporary History. No. 2, Nuremberg 2008, p. 32.
  15. ↑ Peter Zinke, "He threatened again with the Gauleitung": Gustav Schickedanz un die "Arisierungen", in: nurinst 2008, yearbook of the Nuremberg Institute for Nazi Research and Jewish History of the 20th Century 2008, ISBN 978-3-938286- 34-0 , p. 63
personal data
SURNAME Rosenfelder, Oskar
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German paper manufacturer and the inventor of the paper handkerchiefs Tempo
DATE OF BIRTH June 7, 1878
PLACE OF BIRTH Bamberg
DATE OF DEATH 1950