Ottoman Scientific Society

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The Ottoman Scientific Society ( Ottoman جمعيتِ علميه عثمانيه Cemiyet-i İlmiye-i Osmaniye , İA Cemʿiyyet-i ʿIlmiyye-i ʿO s māniyye ) was a learned society founded in Istanbul in 1861 .

history

The Ottoman Scientific Society was founded in 1861 by the Ottoman Ambassador to Saint Petersburg Halil Bey and Münif Pascha . Members of the learned society were civil servants, dignitaries and scholars. One of her goals was to organize public lectures and courses in rooms made available to her by the Ottoman government, the Sublime Porte . The society brought out the first Turkish scientific journalمجموعه فنون Mecmūʿa-yi Fünūn , German 'Journal of [secular] Sciences' . The Mecmūʿa-yi Fünūn appeared monthly and was distributed in the country with government support.

The content of the Mecmūʿa-yi Fünūn included science , history , geography , politics , economics and philosophy . The magazine conveyed classical and European achievements in these fields to the Ottoman readership as well as the non-dogmatic - i. H. not dominated by religion - treatment of scientific and philosophical problems.

Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar compared her role in the Enlightenment in Turkey with the role of Diderot's Encyclopédie in 18th century France. The cholera epidemic in Turkey in 1865 brought the magazine to a quick end. A re-release came a few years later. The final end of the magazine came when it was banned by Sultan Abdülhamid II in 1882. From 1891, the long-lived specialist magazine Servet-i Fünûn , which appeared until 1944, followed.

The society was the third learned society in 19th century Turkey in the Tanzimat period . Their predecessors were thoseانجمنِ دانش Encümen-i Dāniş from 1851 and the older "learned society of Beşiktaş " during the reign of Sultan Mahmud II.

literature

  • Abdülhak Adnan Adıvar: Interaction of Islamic and western thought in Turkey. Princeton 1951.
  • Bernard Lewis: The emergence of modern Turkey. London 1961, p. 431 f.
  • Serif Mardin: The genesis of Young Ottoman political thought. Princeton 1962, pp. 238-240.
  • Schlechta-Wssehrd: About the newly founded Turkish Scholars' Association. In: Journal of the German Oriental Society . XVII, 1863.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Bernard Lewis : Dj emʿiyyet-i ʿIlmiyye-i ʿO th māniyye. In: The Encyclopaedia of Islam. New Edition . Vol. 2, Brill, Leiden, p. 532 (English).
  2. ↑ Klaus Kreiser : The Ottoman State 1300-1922 . Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-486-58588-9 , p. 72.