Encümen-i Daniş

Encümen-i Daniş ( Ottoman انجمنِ دانش İA Encümen-i Dâniş , German 'society of learned' ) was an Ottoman learned society . It was founded in Istanbul in 1851 and was the first modern Academy of Sciences in the Middle East .

history

The company goes back to Ahmed Cevdet Pasha's initiative. The model was the French Académie des Sciences . The Encümen-i Daniş had 40 Turkish members and some foreign corresponding members including important European orientalists such as Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall , Thomas Xavier Bianchi , James Redhouse .

The aim of Encümen-i Daniş was to promote science in Turkey and to further develop the Turkish language.

A first debate about the establishment of such an academy was held in 1845 in the Education Council (مجلسِ معارف Meclis-i Maʿārif ). On April 15 and May 26, 1851, the Encümen-i Daniş was issued by imperial decree (ايراده Irāde ) formally established. The academy was officially opened on July 18, 1851. Mustafa Reşid Pascha gave the opening speech . In his speech, Mustafa Reşid Pasha emphasized the role this academy should play in Turkey's progress.

Due to the political instability in the Tanzimat period , the Encümen-i Daniş was not a long-lived learned society. It dissolved in 1862. In this short time only a few works could be created on behalf of the Encümen-i Daniş.

The most important publications include:

the Ottoman grammar by Ahmet Cevdet Pascha and the later Grand Vizier Mehmed Fuad Pascha
تاريخ جودت Ta'rīḫ-i Cevdet by Ahmet Cevdet Pascha, a book on the history of the Ottoman Empire in the period 1774 to 1826 (due to the dissolution of the Encümen-i Daniş in 1862, only a part could be funded; the Tarih-i Cevdet became not completed until 1884)
the translation of Ibn Chaldun's monumental work al-Muqaddima into Turkish

In 1861 the equally important but short-lived learned society of the Ottoman Scientific Society was founded. After the constitutional revolution of the Young Turks in 1908, several learned societies appeared. The most important among them was the Society for Ottoman History (تاريخ عثمانى انجمنى Ta'rīḫ-i ʿO s mānī Encümeni ), which began an evaluation of Ottoman archives for scientific purposes.

literature

Server Rifat İskit: Türkiyede Neşriyat Hareketleri Tarihine Bir Bakış. Devlet Basımevi, Istanbul 1939.
Abdolonyme Ubicini: Lettres sur la Turquie. Paris 1853.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h H. Massé, Bernard Lewis , Fazlur Rahman: An dj uman. In: The Encyclopaedia of Islam. New Edition . Vol. 1, Brill, Leiden, p. 505 f. (English).
↑ ^a ^b Abdullah Uçman: encümen-i DANIS. In: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi. Vol. 11, TDV Yayını, Istanbul 1995, pp. 175-178 (Turkish).
↑ Klaus Kreiser : The Ottoman State 1300-1922 . Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-486-58588-9 , p. 95.

[EncIslam-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h H. Massé, Bernard Lewis , Fazlur Rahman: An dj uman. In: The Encyclopaedia of Islam. New Edition . Vol. 1, Brill, Leiden, p. 505 f. (English).

[TDVİA-2] Abdullah Uçman: encümen-i DANIS. In: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi. Vol. 11, TDV Yayını, Istanbul 1995, pp. 175-178 (Turkish).

[3] Klaus Kreiser : The Ottoman State 1300-1922 . Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-486-58588-9 , p. 95.