East Siberia-Pacific Pipeline
The Eastern Siberia-Pacific Ocean oil pipeline ( Eastern Siberia-Pacific Ocean oil pipeline ESPO pipeline ) is a pipeline for the export of Russian oil to the Pacific region ( Japan , China , Korea ). The pipeline was built and operated by Transneft .
Emergence
Construction of the pipeline began in 2006. The inauguration took place on January 1, 2011 in a solemn ceremony in the presence of Vladimir Putin . However, the pipeline is still being expanded. In the current stage it delivers 15 million tons of oil annually to the Chinese Daqing , the Chinese center of the oil industry and oil production (see oil fields of Daqing ), an expansion of the capacity to 30 million tons annually is possible and planned for the future. This section of the pipeline is 2,757 km long, but in the final stage the pipeline should reach a length of 4,857 km and thus also transport Russian oil to South Korea and Japan via an oil terminal in Nakhodka , until completion it will be transported to the terminal by Train . These countries hope that this will result in less dependence on the Middle East , with Russia in turn aiming for less dependence on Europe .
costs
The estimated cost for the construction of the pipeline will be 25 billion US $ . To this end, China has granted Russia loans of US $ 25 billion on favorable terms. After a delivery of natural gas through the pipeline was also planned for 2015 and Russia increased its coal deliveries to China from 12 to 20 million tons annually, China granted a further loan of 6 billion dollars. Up until the completion of the pipeline, the oil was transported by rail and was much more expensive, and the annual capacity was limited to 9 million tons of oil.
Expansion
On December 25, 2012, a completion / completion to Kosmino and thus an increase in capacity to 30 million tons of oil per year was put into operation.
According to Nikolai Tokarev, head of the Transneft pipeline operator (according to the Transneft website), 35% of the oil in Kosmino goes by oil tanker to the US, 30% to Japan, and 28% to China.
The capacity is to be increased to 50 million t in the future.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Russia inaugurates the last section of the Pacific pipeline, ORF.at from December 26, 2012 http://orf.at/#/stories/2158118/