Oxyopes ramosus
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Oxyopes ramosus , female |
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| ( Martini & Goeze , 1778) |
Oxyopes ramosus is a species of spider from the family of the lynx spiders (Oxyopidae) native to Central Europe .
description
The males reach a body length of about 6 millimeters and the females from 6 to 10 millimeters. Both sexes are drawn similarly. The basic color is red-brown or dark brown with a white pattern consisting of flaky hair. The prosoma (front body) is reddish-brown on top with a white central band that breaks up in spots behind the head. The abdomen is also reddish brown in color and has a paler, broad central band and three to four diagonal stripes. The legs are clearly ringed light and dark. The prosoma appears noticeably high from the front and tapered towards the top. The slender opisthosoma (back of the body) tapers towards the back. Striking are the numerous, very long and pointed spines on the legs as well as the noticeably high and narrow, slightly pointed end face of the front body. As with all species of the genus, the eight eyes are arranged in four pairs of different distances from one another. The eyesight is extremely well developed. Adults can be found from May to August.
In Germany , Belgium , the Netherlands , Switzerland , Slovakia and in large parts of southern Europe there are still two species of the genus, Oxyopes heterophthalmus and Oxyopes lineatus, which can easily be confused with this species.
distribution and habitat
Oxyopes ramosus is widespread and mostly not rare in Central Europe, especially in the northern regions. It lives in sunny and dry terrain and shows a certain preference for sandy soils. The animals usually stay above the ground in low, herbaceous and shrubby vegetation on warm and open terrain. The species is listed in the red list in Germany .
Way of life
The species resembles the jumping spiders (Salticidae) and the wolf spiders (Lycosidae) in its way of life such as catching prey, courtship behavior and eyesight . The species is diurnal and does not weave fishing nets. The prey is sneaked up on and captured while jumping.
Reproduction
Oxyopes ramosus is sexually mature within two years. It overwinters in the last juvenile stage and is then adult in spring. Mating is preceded by a courtship display by the male. The male dances in front of the female with a vibrating rear body and raised front legs, moving closer and closer to the partner. Finally, the male mounts his female from the front, bends down at the side of the female's abdomen and inserts a button into the epigyne. The female spins a flat, yellowish-white egg cocoon on heather or other plants in June. After laying eggs, it guards the cocoon. The young spiders hatch in July or August and overwinter as subadult animals.
literature
- Heiko Bellmann : Kosmos-Atlas Arachnids of Europe , Franckh-Kosmos VerlagsGmbH & Co. KG, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 978-3-440-10746-1
- Hans-Eckhard Gruner, Hans-Joachim Hannemann and Gerhard Hartwich: Urania Tierreich, 7 vols., Invertebrates , Urania, Freiburg 1994
- Dick Jones: The Cosmos Spider's Guide. Franckh-Kosmos, 1990, ISBN 3-440-06141-8