Palais Brühl (Augustusstrasse)

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The garden side of the Palais Brühl around 1880

The Brühlsche Palais was a palace of the Prime Minister Count Heinrich von Brühl on the corner of Augustusstrasse 3 and Kleine Fischergasse in Dresden , which was one of the so-called Brühl's glories .

The palace is the "greatest and most precious example of Dresden's early Rococo ."

description

Ballroom in the Palais Brühl

It was on Augustusstrasse 3, at the corner of Kleine Fischergasse, and the front of the garden faced the Brühl Terrace .

The facade of the three-storey building with a mansard roof was designed by Johann Christoph Knöffel . The building, erected between 1737 and 1740, originally had a front length of nine window axes. The 9-window façade front was divided in the middle by a central projectile with a front length of three window axes.

At ground level, in front of the outer pilaster strips of the central projectile, next to the portal, there were two full sculptures. There were two sandstone figures by Lorenzo Mattielli , Wisdom and Vigilance . The three-lined facade to the right and left of the central risalit showed arched windows with a visible reveal on the ground floor .

At the height of the first floor, a balcony with a wrought-iron grille could be seen in front of the central projectile. Between the upper floor windows of the central risalit, mirror fields adorned with reliefs could be seen, which were deepened and showed "hanging trophies". The three-lined façade to the right and left of the central projection showed pilaster architecture that spanned several floors and combined the two upper floors. The upstairs windows were tall and slim. A reveal was hardly visible because the windows were far out. This reflected the light of the sun with special effects. The French doors on the first floor received ornate wrought iron bars.

At the height of the attic, the central projection showed a triangular gable, where a figural relief decoration could be seen. Behind it rose a low attic floor. The ornamental gable was flanked at the height of the attic by two three-tier half-storeys in the extended mansard roof , so that the height of the building was 3½ storeys.

Draft facade to the street side, 2nd construction phase (1744)

In 1743/44 additions were made by three window axes each on the right and left side, so that the facade was increased to fifteen window axes. These extensions had no three-tier mansard floors at the height of the attic, but trophy decorations, so that the height of the building was only 3 floors. From 1753 the building was expanded by four window axes each to Kleine Fischergasse and Schloßplatz, so that the building had nineteen and at the end twenty-three window axes. Like the original building from 1737/1740, the extensions from 1753 had half-storeys at the height of the attic, so that the building was 3½ storeys high.

“The special characteristic of the facade facing Augustusstrasse was the accentuated flatness of the well-proportioned pilaster strips, which were very restrained in the layering of the wall relief. In the Rococo sense, this flatness was almost pushed to the limit of the possible. "

One entered the stairwell through a vestibule, which was flanked by the figures Meleager and Flora . The vault of the stairwell on the second floor consisted of a flat ceiling with a cove . There the walls of the stairwell were decorated with framed wall panels. Flat stucco reliefs could be seen in the wall panels. On one side the morning wind was represented by Iris on the rainbow with Juno, on the other side the evening wind was represented with Diana with a winged genius. The stucco reliefs were by Johann Joseph Hackl .

The ballroom (1876)

The center of the palace was a two-storey ballroom that had been built according to a design by JC Knöffel. This was considered a “great example of early Dresden Rococo” and was one of the “most beautiful Rococo rooms that were created in Dresden at that time”. The ceiling was designed allegorically by Louis de Silvestre and showed the victory of Bellerophon over the chimera (see “ Ceiling painting in the ballroom of the Brühlsche Palais in Dresden ”). Furthermore, paintings by Louis de Silvestre hung in the hall by the two elector kings, by August the Strong and his wife Christiane Eberhardine on one, and his son August III. , and his wife Maria Josepha on the opposite page. Plastic jewelry and stucco work came from Matthias Kugler and Joseph Hackl, which were decorated in white and gold. The wall was still clearly architecturally separated from the ceiling in the Baroque style. The ballroom was also decorated with mirrors and white and gold carvings.

history

Dresden Conference on December 23, 1850 in the Brühl'schen Palais, print after a painting by Karl Christian Vogel von Vogelstein

It was a three-storey building built in several construction phases and was built from 1737 to 1753 by Johann Christoph Knöffel for Count Heinrich von Brühl . For the construction of the palace, seven residential buildings in Augustusstrasse and six at the Klepper stalls were demolished. In 1792 the palace became the property of the Electorate of Saxony . The Dresden Conferences 1850/1851 took place here from 1850 to 1851 . In 1900 the palace was demolished because the state house was being built in the same place . As early as 1894, the neighboring Fürstenbergsche Haus was demolished for the new construction of the state house. The sculptures of the Brühlschen Palais were placed in the Ständehaus. The portal, the old grating and the ballroom were built true to the original in the arts and crafts academy in Güntzstraße , where they were destroyed in 1945.

During their stays in Dresden, numerous foreign statesmen lived in the palace:

literature

  • Stadtlexikon Dresden A-Z . Verlag der Kunst, Dresden 1995, ISBN 3-364-00300-9 .
  • Fritz Löffler : The old Dresden - history of its buildings . EASeemann, Leipzig 1981, ISBN 3-363-00007-3 .
  • Manfred Zumpe : The Brühl terrace in Dresden . Verlag für Bauwesen, Berlin 1991, ISBN 3-345-00207-8 , pp. 100–111.
  • Daniel Jacob: Baroque aristocratic palaces in Dresden - the buildings, their architects and residents, Verlag Daniel Jacob, 2011.

Web links

Commons : Palais Brühl Augustusstraße, Dresden  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Löffler, p. 241
  2. ↑ Zumpe, p. 86, image no. 74 (Wisdom) and 75 (Vigilance)
  3. ↑ Löffler, p. 254, image no. 310 (The Palais Brühl at Augustusstraße 3, corner of Kleine Fischergasse.) And Zumpe, p. 81
  4. ↑ Zumpe, p. 84
  5. ↑ Löffler, p. 241 and Zumpe, p. 86, image no. 79 (Flora) and 80 (Meleager)
  6. ↑ Löffler, p. 263, image no. 322 (The Palais Brühl, the staircase) and Zumpe, p. 88, picture no. 81 (Brühlsches Palais, upper floor of the main staircase with stucco reliefs by Johann Joseph Hackel)
  7. ↑ Löffler, p. 262, image no. 321 (The Palais Brühl, the ballroom)
  8. ↑ Zumpe, p. 85, image no. 73 (The ballroom of the Brühlschen Palais 1876)

Coordinates: 51 ° 3 ′ 11.8 "  N , 13 ° 44 ′ 21.7"  E