Palm wine
As palm wine , also Toddy is called fermented palm sap , a popular in tropical countries, prepared tetes from various palms alcoholic beverage . Already in the Ebers papyrus (approx. 1500 BC) palm wine is referred to as a mood-changing agent.
Different types of palm wine
To make palm wine from the sugar palm ( Arenga saccharifera ), when the fruit first appears, the male flower bulb is whipped with a stick for three days in a row and then cut off slightly above its base. The flowing sugar-rich juice ( toddy ) tastes like fresh must and soon goes into alcoholic fermentation . The cobs of the coconut palm ( Cocos nucifera ) also provide a pleasant-tasting toddy that quickly goes into fermentation. Attalea butyracea (Syn .: Cocos butyracea , coconut palm species in South America) also delivers a high-quality wine; the trunk is felled and, where leaves and blossoms burst, hollowed out. In the hole formed, the palm wine gathers for 18 to 20 days, of which the last servings are the most alcoholic, although less sweet. In northern Brazil, the same procedure is used for the babassu palm ( Attalea speciosa ). The stumps that are left after harvest are hollowed out and the juice that accumulates in the cave is allowed to ferment.
The silver date palm ( Phoenix sylvestris ) also produces palm wine using a similar process. The same applies to the oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis ) and the Cohune palm ( Attalea Cohune ). The Buriti palm ( Mauritia flexuosa ) makes the sweet, intoxicating palm wine of the Guaraní , and the wine palm ( Raphia vinifera ) makes a type of wine called Bourdon .
In Sri Lanka , the extraction of toddy from the Palmyra palm ( Borassus flabellifer ) is very developed. This palm is tapped in the same way as the coconut palm, but it delivers more juice. In Indonesia too, especially on the dry (monsoon-turned) sides of the island, the plant called Lontar palm is regularly tapped to produce arrack.
The stinging palm ( Caryota urens ) also provides an extraordinary amount of toddy - especially in the hot season.
In large parts of West Africa , palm wine is one of the typical alcoholic drinks. It is made from the oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis ), but also from the Ethiopian palmyra palm ( Borassus aethiopum ) and Borassus akeassii .
In the Seychelles , palm wine is made from the coconut palm. Calou the locals call her kurzgegorenes concoction that a little like Federweißer tastes. By cutting off the flower stems, the coconut palms prepared in this way to obtain the juice do not bear any fruit during their lifetime.
Further products
Palm sugar can be made from palm juice by thickening it . If you stand for a longer period of time, palm wine changes into palmessig . Arrak is made from palm wine by distillation .
Others
Palm wine music is a West African style of music that became popular in the 1950s and 1960s and is considered a forerunner of highlife .
Web links
- Ba Ba Than: Toddy Candy and Nectar. Myanmar Perspectives, Vol. 6/1, 2001 (Toddy in Myanmar)
- Arrak - luxury food and drug. lankafirst.de, archived at archive.is (Arrak and palm wine in Sri Lanka)
Individual evidence
- ^ Forestry and Food Security. FAO, 1989, 1991, 1996, ISBN 92-5-102847-8 , p. 42.
- ↑ Arak makers 'blessed by ancient deity' ( Memento from March 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) In: Jakarta Post . August 20, 2009.
- ↑ Balinese 'arak' targeted for export ( Memento from March 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) In: Jakarta Post. March 15, 2011.