Paneth cell
Paneth cells , also known as Paneth granule cells , are merocrine gland cells which apically contain strong eosinophilic granules and occur in the epithelium at the base of the small intestine crypts , but also in the stomach and rectum . The Paneth cells are responsible for the secretion of lysozymes , peptidases , lactoferrin and defensins . You are therefore u. a. responsible for the local immune defense. They are named after the Austrian physiologist Joseph Paneth (1857-1890).
It is believed that Paneth cells help maintain the integrity of the lining of the small intestine because they are close to the stem cell of the small intestine. You express here u. a. NOD2 . According to current research results, an impaired production of the antibacterial defensins could be the cause of Crohn's disease .
If it occurs more frequently in the stomach, there is a risk of the formation of a gastric ulcer .
Individual evidence
- ↑ T. Watanabe, A. Kitani, W. Strober: NOD2 regulation of Toll-like receptor responses and the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease . In: Good . tape 54 , no. 11 , 2005, p. 1515-1518 , doi : 10.1136 / good 2005.071795 , PMID 16227353 . (Full text; engl.)
literature
- Herwart F. Otto: The intestinal Paneth cell: cytomorphology, ultrastructural pathology and functional significance; E. Contributor to the lysozyme theory. (= Publications from morphological pathology. 94). Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart 1974, ISBN 3-437-10318-0 .
- B. Hartmann: Ultrastructural investigation of the Paneth cell in the pre-colostral calf. Dissertation . University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover , 1990. ( Summary PDF; 260 kB )
- M. Schmid, I. Kübler, EF Stange a. a .: Defensin barrier defects in Crohn's disease. In: The Bavarian Internist. 3/2006, Jürgen Hartmann Verlag, Heßdorf-Klebheim ( summary ( memento of October 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive ))