Pantaleon Gate

Pantaleon Gate - painting by Jakob Scheiner (1887)

The Pantaleonstor was a city gate in the form of a double gate within the Cologne city wall . Its location was in Cologne's old town south , Waisenhausgasse / Pantaleonswall.

History of origin

The Pantaleon Gate (“Porta Sancti Panthaleonis”) was named after the nearby St. Pantaleon Church , where Archbishop Bruno of Cologne was buried on October 19, 965 . The Pantaleon Gate was a structural part of the Cologne city fortifications and was first mentioned in 1211. Like the other city gates, it served as a passage into and out of the walled city. In 1289 it enclosed the "Villa Sancti Pantaleonis" together with the city walls. Two famous cityscapes represent the late medieval Pantaleon Gate. The Cologne cityscape from 1531 by Anton Woensam and the Cologne cityscape from 1570 by Arnold Mercator . The latter shows eleven gates that opened the city on the land side. The double tower gate with semicircular towers and shells consisted of a four-storey central building, the side towers of which were built on three storeys. The stilted round arched portals had a groin vaulted passage.

In 1475 the guard at the Pantaleon Gate received a candle money of 16 marks for 16 weeks, since at that time the need for a watch was very high due to the Neuss War . The gate did not lead to one of the city's major arterial roads, but, like the neighboring Bachtor , served as a local entrance and exit, which, however, was rarely used. That is why the main passage was walled up around 1528, only a small entrance remained open until 1842.

Railroad gate

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  Pantaleonstor - detailed view from the cityscape by Anton Woensam (1531)

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  Pantaleonstor - Cologne cityscape from 1570 by Arnold Mercator (1570)

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  Pantaleon Gate around 1844

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  Pantaleon Gate - Field Side (1856)

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  Pantaleon Gate with arriving train (top center) and train station (left), around 1860

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  Pantaleonstor - city side (drawing by Heinrich Adolf Meier from August 1, 1877)

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  City wall between Bachpforte and Pantaleonstor (from: CF Kaiser, Cölner Thorburgen and fortifications: 1180–1882, 1884, sheet 20)

After the Bonn-Cölner Eisenbahn received its license on July 6, 1840 , the gate was reopened. Because it was planned to lead the railway line from Bonn through the gate, in the immediate vicinity of which the "Pantaleonsbahnhof" ("Am Trutzenberg") was built as a terminus (near today's Barbarossaplatz). It was the first train station in Cologne. For this purpose, the railway company built a wooden bridge leading to the gate, which compensated for the height difference between the gate and the surrounding area. On February 3, 1844, the first steam-powered train passed through; the official opening took place on February 15, 1844. The route was heavily frequented, as 50,000 passengers were counted in April 1844 and 80,000 in September 1844. The railway only needed 45 minutes for the 29 kilometers, an excellent time for the conditions at the time.

demolition

After the city of Cologne had acquired the city wall from the Prussian military treasury for 11.8 million marks on May 5, 1881, the demolition of the old city walls began in June 1881; only a few were to be preserved as memorials. The Pantaleon Zwinger was demolished in accordance with the contract of November 20, 1882, the Pantaleon Gate followed along with the station after it was shut down on May 25, 1894. The Schaafentor (demolished in 1882), Bachtor (1883) and Weyertor (1889 ) suffered the same fate of being laid down ).

Web links

Commons : Pantaleonstor  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ^ Verlag Wilhelm Kohlhammer, Publications of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg , 1969, p. 7
2. ↑ Yvonne Leiverkus, Cologne: pictures of a late medieval city , 2005, p 67
3. ↑ Gabriele Isenberg / Barbara Scholkmann, The Fortification of the Medieval City , 1997, p. 55
4. ^ Hugo Borger / Frank Günter Zehnder, Cologne, the city as a work of art: City views from the 15th to the 20th century , 1982, p. 162
5. ↑ Reinhard Schmoeckel / Klaus Kemp, Hundred and Fifty Years of the Railway in Bonn , 1994, p. 16
6. ↑ Peter Fuchs (Ed.), Chronik zur Geschichte der Stadt Köln , Volume 2, 1991, p. 156

Coordinates: 50 ° 55 ′ 37.1 ″  N , 6 ° 56 ′ 49.7 ″  E