Paragalago

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Paragalago
Grant galago (Paragalago granti)

Grant galago ( Paragalago granti )

Systematics
without rank: Euarchonta
Order : Primates (Primates)
Subordination : Wet-nose primates (Strepsirrhini)
Partial order : Lori-like (Lorisiformes)
Family : Galagos (Galagonidae)
Genre : Paragalago
Scientific name
Paragalago
Masters, Génin, Couette, Groves , Nash , Delpero & Pozzi, 2017

Paragalago is a genus of primate from the Galagos family(Galagonidae). The genus was only introduced in February 2017 for the five East African dwarf galago species after genetic studies showed that these and the two West African dwarf galago species (genus Galagoides ) do notforma common monophyletic clade. Paragalago is the sister genus of the Common Galagos ( Galago ), to which the name refers ( para + Galago ). The distribution area of Paragalago lies in East Africa east of the Great Rift Valley and extends from the coastal Kenya over Tanzania and Mozambique to the Mozambican-South African border area.

features

Paragalago species are small to medium-sized Galagos and weigh 60 to 250 grams. In their body size so that they are with the ordinary Galagos ( galago ) comparable, but significantly smaller than the needle-clawed bushbaby ( Euoticus ) Riesengalagos ( Otolemur ) or squirrel-Galagos ( Sciurocheirus ). Two species, the mountain galago ( Paragalago orinus ) and the rondo-galago ( Paragalago rondoensis ), are as small as the Galagoides species.

The back fur and the outer sides of the limbs are dark brown to cinnamon and more or less reddish brown in color. All hair is gray at its base. The hair of the peritoneum and that of the inner sides of the limbs has cream-colored to yellowish tips, so the belly is light and may be yellowish. The ears are dark brown to black, the tail reddish brown, chocolate brown or black. On the face, the contrast between the cream-colored to white nose stripes and the dark brown to black rings around the eyes is striking.

diagnosis

The skull and tooth morphology is used to diagnose the genus. The skull is elongated oval and not as rounded as in the Galagoides species and the keel nail galagos. It narrows towards the back so that the hollow mastoid protrudes. The intermaxillary bone (premaxillary) is elongated forward like a tube and thus protrudes further than the lower jaw, similar to the Galagoides species and the squirrel Galagos. The snout is longer than that of the common Galagos. As with the Galagoides species and the squirrel Galagos, the facial profile is clearly concave and not straight or slightly convex as in the common Galagos. The skull base is like the Galagoides little bent species, Riesengalagos and Squirrel Galagos and not so much bent as with needle-clawed bushbaby and the ordinary Galagos.

The canines are slender. The anterior upper premolar (P2) has two roots and is slender, as in the Galagoides species. However, it has a cutting edge and is not shaped like a canine tooth as in the keel nail galagos and some species of the common galagos. The posterior upper premolar (P4) is somewhat larger than the upper posterior molar (M3) in most of the Paragalago species examined . In the Galagoides species, the molar M3 is either larger or about the same size as the premolar P4, in the common Galagos it is greatly reduced. A tooth hump on M3, which is usually found in the Galagoides species, is absent in the Paragalago species or, in some specimens from the Rondo Forest (possibly Rondo-Galagos), is very small.

Paragalago species jump more often than the Galagoides species, but not as frequently as the Common Galagos. In addition, the three genres can be distinguished on the basis of their vocalizations.

species

Five scientifically described species are placed in the genus Paragalago :

In addition, there are previously undescribed Paragalago species in the Taita Hills in southern Kenya and on Mount Rungwe in southern Tanzania , which have been recognized as independent based on their deviating calls.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Luca Pozzi, K. Anne-Isola Nekaris, Andrew Perkin, Simon K. Bearder, Elizabeth R. Pimley, Helga Schulze, Ulrike Streicher, Tilo Nadler, Andrew Kitchener, Hans Zischler, Dietmar Zinner, Christian Roos. 2015. Remarkable ancient divergences amongst neglected lorisiform primates. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 175: 661-674. DOI: 10.1111 / zoj.12286
  2. ↑ Luca Pozzi, Todd R. Disotell & Judith C Masters. 2014. A multilocus phylogeny reveals deep lineages within African galagids (Primates: Galagidae) . BMC Evolutionary Biology 14:72. DOI: 10.1186 / 1471-2148-14-72
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g Judith C. Masters, Fabien Génin, Sébastien Couette, Colin P. Groves, Stephen D. Nash, Massimiliano Delpero and Luca Pozzi. 2017. A New Genus for the eastern Dwarf Galagos (Primates: Galagidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. February 2017. DOI: 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlw028
  4. ↑ Andrew Perkin, Simon Bearder, Thomas M. Butynski, Bernard Agwanda, Benny Bytebier: The Taita Mountain Dwarf Galago Galagoides Sp: A New Primate for Kenya. J. of East African Natural History, 91 (1): 1-13 (2002). doi : 10.2982 / 0012-8317 (2002) 91 [1: TTMDGG] 2.0.CO; 2
  5. ↑ Hanna Rosti et al. 2020. Taita Mountain dwarf galago is extant in the Taita Hills of Kenya . Oryx 54 (2): 152-153; doi: 10.1017 / S003060531900142X
  6. ↑ Rungwe galago ( Paragalago sp. Nov. 3)