Parnawas I.

Parnawas I.

Parnawas I , also Parnaos I ( Georgian : ფარნავაზ, ფარნაოზ) was the first king of Iberia (* around 325 BC in Mtskheta ; † 237 BC ), an ancient Georgian state in the Caucasus , which was in Georgian Quellen is also named as Kartli . He was the founder of the Parnawasid dynasty . In traditional Georgian literature, King Parnawas is associated with the creation of the Georgian alphabet .

Life

Iberia under Parnawas I.

Parnawas was established at the end of the 4th century BC. Born as the son of the ruling family of Iberia, which has existed since the 6th century BC. Existed. When a military leader named Ason conquered the area south of the Caucasus after the conquest of the Persian Empire by Alexander the Great , Parnawas fled as the last survivor of the ruling family. In alliance with Kudschi , ruler of the neighboring Colchis , the Alans and the peoples of Dagestan , Parnawas was able to defeat Ason. He re-founded Iberia, with Mtskheta as the capital, and conquered other areas.

Like the Persian Empire, the Parnawas' empire was divided into administrative districts headed by Eristawis. Parnawas divided the state into eight parts, seven of which were Saeristawo (საერისთავო) and one Saspaspeto (სასპასპეტო). His state encompassed all of eastern and southern Georgia and large parts of western Georgia. Colchis was on friendly terms with him. He created the basis for the emergence of a Georgian people and a common state. Through marriage policy he consolidated the ties to the Ossetians and Durdsuken , he gave his sister to the Colchian king Kudschi as a wife. During his time, many neighboring areas were brought under Iberian control, especially in the North Caucasus and Albania . Iberia had a close friendship with the Seleucid Empire .

Culture was also promoted and the Georgian language spread. According to some sources, the Georgian script was created by Parnawas, but probably only revised and standardized. Parnawas had Mtskheta fortified with a new city wall and all the castles destroyed by Ason rebuilt. He also began building the residence of the Iberian kings, Armaszikhe. On the heights of Mtskheta he erected a large statue of the deity Armasi. He was buried under this after 65 years of reign.

literature

• Heinz Fähnrich: History of Georgia from the beginnings to Mongol rule . Shaker, Aachen 1993, ISBN 3-86111-683-9 .
• Rapp, Stephen H. (2003), Studies In Medieval Georgian Historiography: Early Texts And Eurasian Contexts . Peeters Bvba ISBN 90-429-1318-5 .
• Rayfield, Donald (2000), The Literature of Georgia: A History . Routledge, ISBN 0-7007-1163-5 .
• Suny, Ronald Grigor (1994), The Making of the Georgian Nation: 2nd edition . Indiana University Press, ISBN 0-253-20915-3 .
• Toumanoff, Cyril (1963), Studies in Christian Caucasian History . Georgetown University Press.
• Yar-Shater, Ehsan (ed., 1983), The Cambridge History of Iran . Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-24693-8 .

Web links

Commons : Parnawas I.  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ according to other information * 309 BC BC and † 234 BC Chr.
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Fähnrich, 1993, p. 48 ff.
3. ↑ მელიქიშვილი გ., ქსე, ტ. 5, გვ.67-68, თბ., 1980 (Melikishvili g. Georgian Soviet Encyclopedia, Volume 5. S 67-68, Tbilisi, 1980)
4. ↑ ივანე ჯავახიშვილი, ქართველი ერის ისტორია, წგნ. 1, თბ., 1965 (I. Javachishvili, History of the Georgian People, B 1, Tbilisi, 1965)

predecessor	Office	successor
-	King of Georgia 299–234 BC Chr.	Saurmag I.