Ground floor (garden art)
A parterre (from French par terre , "to the earth") refers to a flat, low-planted area in garden art , which, usually mediated by a terrace , is in front of a building .
Plant and function
A garden parterre was used for representation purposes and as a stage for parties. It is often adorned with symmetrical beds, which are then called knot parterre or broderie parterre . They are adorned with ornate ornaments made of box hedges, colored gravel and low flowering plants, which can only be fully seen from the higher floors of the building. In the center of the system there is often a water basin with a fountain.
Parterres were essential elements of garden design from the Renaissance to the Rococo . Aesthetically, they represent a link between the architecture and the rest of the garden, the components of which, according to the program of the time, should become more “natural” the further they were from the main building. Dézallier d'Argenville goes into his standard work of the 18th century La Théorie et la Pratique du Jardinage on the different ground floor forms.
Parterre de pièces coupées pour les fleurs
The Parterre de pièces coupées pour les fleurs represents a special form of the parterre , which was mainly used in the baroque garden .
The enclosure is the same as in the parterre of Renaissance gardens mostly by low book -Hecken. Within the ground floor, the box hedges were arranged in symmetrical, geometric and even ornamental patterns. The areas enclosed by the box were planted with flowers.
Parterre de broderie
Beds made of colored gravel, brick and sand surfaces, which are reminiscent of embroidery patterns, are framed by low boxwood and form the Broderieparterre . This form of parterre was particularly widespread in the second half of the 17th century to the beginning of the 18th century, due in part to the greater durability of inorganic materials compared to planting.
Parterre de broderie mêlée de massifs de gazon
In this ground floor form, the broderies alternate with lawns, as was done for example in the garden of Augustusburg Castle in Brühl around 1730.
Parterre de compartment
Parterres with ornaments made of lawn and flowers represent a further development of the broderie parterre and were widespread in the second half of the 18th century.
Parterre d'eau
A framed water basin or a ground floor designed with water.
Parterre de gazon
The pure lawn ground floor is the simplest form of the ground floor. At first it was only found in the outer areas of the gardens, and from the middle of the 18th century it replaced the Broderieparterre.
Ground floor à l'Angloise
According to Augustin Charles d'Aviler , the Parterre à l'Angloise is a parterre reform that is characterized by turf compartments. The lawn compartments are bordered with borders that are filled with black soil for flower planting. The box hedges ( haies de buis ) should have a distance from the lawn.
Remarks
- ↑ Popular design for parterres of the Renaissance, in which bands formed from plants (mostly herbs) overlap
literature
- Wilfried Hansmann : The garden ground floor. Design and meaning based on views, plans and writings from six centuries (= Green Series. Sources and research on garden art. 28). Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 2009, ISBN 978-3-88462-283-4 .
- Clemens Alexander Wimmer : History of the garden theory . Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 1989, ISBN 3-534-01314-X .
