Patriots

An important leader of the Patriots was Herman Willem Daendels (1762-1818)

Skirmish between patriots and orangists in May 1787

In the middle of the 18th century, the republican party in the Republic of the United Netherlands was called Patriots (Dutch for patriots ), and it sought to completely abolish the governor of the Orange or to limit their power as much as possible. It was split into an aristocratic and a democratic wing. Their opponents were the Orangists , who were devoted to the Orangi inheritance and who were initially disempowered in 1786.

The indignation over Dutch losses in the Anglo-Dutch War (1780–1784) was skilfully directed by the Patriot Party against the heir, from whom the states of Holland withdrew several rights, in 1786 even the dignity of captain general and admiral. Wilhelm V left The Hague , and his supporters even defended his claims by force of arms by shooting at and occupying the Geldrian cities of Hattem and Elburg , which were hostile to him . When the inheritance holder, Princess Wilhelmine of Prussia , wanted to travel to The Hague, she was stopped by the patriots and forced to return. Her brother, King Friedrich Wilhelm II of Prussia , demanded satisfaction for this, and when this was proudly refused by Holland, trusting in the lack of French help, up to 25,000 Prussians advanced into the Netherlands in September 1787, conquered in a short time Time Holland and reinstated the inheritance holder ( Prussian invasion of Holland ). The rights of the House of Orange were then considerably expanded and made a constitutional law of the republic. In April 1788, Wilhelm V also concluded an eternal alliance with England and Prussia.

Although suppressed by the Prussian invasion in 1787, the party of the Patriots soon raised their heads again and, with the help of the French, brought about the expulsion of the Orange and the establishment of the Batavian Republic in 1795 .

The entire epoch from the war against England to the occupation by France is also referred to in Dutch historiography as the "Patriottentijd" (Dutch Patriottentijd ).

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• Meyers Konversations-Lexikon , Volume 12, Page 780 (Patriots). Leipzig and Vienna 1885–1892
• Meyers Konversations-Lexikon , Volume 12, Page 152 (Netherlands). Leipzig and Vienna 1885–1892

This article is based on a text in the public domain from Meyers Konversations-Lexikon , 4th edition from 1888 to 1890.

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