Percophis brasiliensis
| Percophis brasiliensis | ||||||||||||
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Percophis brasiliensis |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the family | ||||||||||||
| Percophidae | ||||||||||||
| Swainson , 1839 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Percophis | ||||||||||||
| Quoy & Gaimard , 1825 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Percophis brasiliensis | ||||||||||||
| Quoy & Gaimard, 1825 |
Percophis brasiliensis is a slender marine fish found in the southwest Atlantic on the coast of Argentina, Uruguay and southern Brazil. The species is the only one of the genus Percophis , and after the former subfamilies of the beaked fish (Percophidae of traditional size) were elevated to family rank, the only species that remains in the Percophidae.
features
Percophis brasiliensis is about 40 cm long on average. The largest specimen measured so far had a length of 53.3 cm. The fish have an elongated shape, two dorsal fins and a very long anal fin. The first of the dorsal fins is short, the second very long. The pelvic fins are throaty and are in front of the pectoral fin base. The Urohyale, a tendon ossification in the skull, is severely flattened and has a complex shape. The first pharyngobranchial, the uppermost bone of the first branchial arch, is reduced and completely ossified. Baudelot's ligament, a ligament between the supracleithrum, a cover bone of the shoulder girdle, and the first vertebra, is branched distally . There are five supraneuralia (neural processes) or pterygiophores without a fin . The body cavity is far in front. The lower jaw protrudes. The scales above the sideline are ctenoid , but the sideline scales are not sawn, but trilobed or keeled. Tiny scales are also found along the caudal fin rays.
Systematics
Percophis brasiliensis was formerly the only type of subfamily Percophinae into the family of percophidae asked. However, this is not a monophylum , but is a group of bottom-dwelling fish that have developed convergent , but are not closely related to each other. Percophis brasiliensis shares a total of three characteristics with the Bembropidae , which were also placed as a subfamily of the beaked fish , including a backward-pointing sting on the gill cover that protrudes over the subopercular and the lack of a tooth plate on the Epibranchiale II (the bone support of the upper branch of the second branchial arch). In more recent phylogenetic analyzes, Percophis brasiliensis was identified as a sister group of the Antarctic fish (Notothenioidei) (in their original composition) and finally assigned as a basal taxon to this subordination and thus to the order of the perch-like (Perciformes).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World. John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7 .
- ↑ Kenji Odani, Hisashi Imamura & Kazuhiro Nakaya: Osteological Description of the Brazilian Flathead, Percophis brasiliensis (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Percophidae), with Comments on Its Phylogenetic Position ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically created as marked defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Species Diversity, 2006, 11, pages 277-294
- ↑ Christine E. Thacker, Takashi P. Satoh, Eri Katayama, Richard C. Harrington, Ron I. Eytand, Thomas J. Near: Molecular phylogeny of Percomorpha resolves Trichonotus as the sister lineage to gobioidei (Teleostei: Gobiiformes) and confirms the polyphyly of trachinoids. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, August 2015, doi: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2015.08.001
- ↑ Thomas J. Near, Alex Dornburg, Richard C. Harrington, Claudio Oliveira, Theodore W. Pietsch, Christine E. Thacker, Takashi P. Satoh, Eri Katayama, Peter C. Wainwright: Identification of the notothenioid sister lineage illuminates the biogeographic history of an Antarctic adaptive radiation. June 2015, Doi: 10.1186 / s12862-015-0362-9
Web links
- Percophis brasiliensis on Fishbase.org (English)