Philipp Fritz

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Josef Philipp Fritz (also: Filip Fritz , born November 29, 1878 in Budapest ; † after 1942) was an architect . He was mainly active in Cologne .

Life

Philipp Fritz studied architecture at the Polytechnic University of his native Budapest. In 1901/02 he was already working in Cologne for the August Kunert construction company , but it was only from 1907 that he was recorded in Cologne's address books. At that time he lived at Flandrische Strasse 7. In 1909 he was employed by the building contractor and architect Robert Perthel . Among other things, he designed the Antoniterhof there in 1904/05, the Hohe Strasse 124 building in 1906, the Philipp Richard country house in Leyboldstrasse 33 in Marienburg in 1907, the Bernhard Griffels house in 1907/08 and the Palant café in 1909. He was probably the chief architect at Perthel during those years.

After the success he had achieved with the design of the Café Palant, he went into business for himself and moved into the house at Kaiser-Wilhelm-Ring 12.

In 1911 he was commissioned to expand and rebuild the so-called "Wolkenburg", the seat of the Cologne men's choir to which he belonged.

At the beginning of the 1920s Fritz moved to Berlin , where he lived from 1922 to 1930 at Freiligrathstrasse 8 and then until 1935 at Küstriner Strasse (now: Damaschkestrasse) 2. He bought this house in 1922. After he was forced to sell this building around 1936, he moved to Michaelkirchstrasse 30. This address is mentioned in the Berlin address books until 1943, although Fritz seems to have lived at Wusterhausener Strasse 30 for a while.

As a so-called “full Jew” he received a negative decision during the Third Reich on his application for admission to the Reich Chamber of Fine Arts. It is not known whether he was still active as an architect during this time.

Hagspiel describes Fritz as an "obviously gifted and artistically highly talented architect".

While some sources assume that Philipp Fritz was deported and murdered during the Third Reich.

buildings

Wolfram Hagspiel describes his facade design for the Tietz-Passage in Cologne, which was built shortly after the turn of the century in Cologne's old town, as a great start with which Fritz established "the Austrian Art Nouveau - in its Hungarian version - in Cologne with flying colors" have. The Tietz department store, founded in 1891, moved into its first own house, Hohe Straße 45, in 1895. This was expanded in 1898, and Tietz also bought the neighboring properties, the buildings of which were demolished in 1901. By the end of 1902, the new department store designed by Fritz was built on this property, and in 1903 the facade of the house at 45 Hohe Strasse was aligned with that of the new building. During a visit to Milan, Leonhard Tietz was inspired to have the idea of ​​building a department store with a passage. The facades facing the street An St. Agatha were kept almost in pure Art Nouveau style, whereas those facing the Hohe Strasse had Gothic elements. In addition to Philipp Fritz, Jean Schlapper and the building contractor Kunert himself were involved in the planning of the building; Gustav Paeffgen had an advisory role .

In the years 1904/05 the Antoniterhof, a reinforced concrete skeleton building , was built in Schildergasse 72–74 . The facade had a moving roof landscape and rich art nouveau decorations. Hagspiel points out that the architecture magazine Der Profanbau in 1907 named Perthel as the architect of this building, but that the building “in no way corresponded to the previous buildings by Robert Perthel”, but instead had strong references to the Art Nouveau metropolis of Budapest. He assumes that Fritz designed the facades of the Antoniterhof, which was partially destroyed during the Second World War and later demolished to make way for the new Antoniterhof designed by the architect Wilhelm Riphahn .

The office and commercial building on the corner of Hohe Strasse 124 and Salomonsgasse was built in 1906 and the client was pensioner Peter Weiler. The facade and interior work were planned by Philipp Fritz. The house, destroyed in World War II, had a strongly vertically structured facade made of white Main sandstone. The window frames and partitions, on the other hand, were made of Durana bronze. The roof was covered with slate, a dome crowned the building on the street corner, inside of which there was a pillar-free and completely unstructured sales room and corresponding office space. Next to the dome there were groups of figures created by the sculptor Mathias Färber .

The Philipp Richard country house in Marienburger Leyboldstraße 33 was built in 1907. The villa and outbuildings were in the English country house style. Its half-timbered structure had a similar vertical orientation as the dividing elements of the house in Hohen Strasse / Salomonsgasse. There were also clear parallels to Villa Mehlemer Straße 8, which was designed by Fritz, here in the facade and gable designs and various details. The villa was demolished in 1935.

In 1907/08 an apartment building was built for the painter Bernhard Giffels at Sudermanstraße 3 in Cologne's Neustadt district, and it is also attributed to Philipp Fritz, which Wolfram Hagspiel describes as "hardly to be doubted". In doing so, he cites the strong similarities to other works by the architect from this period. Largely destroyed in the Second World War, this house has not been preserved either.

The Café Palant was built in 1909 for Wilhelm Hünnes at Hohen Strasse 117–119. It replaced Cologne's first café in a modern style, which was opened in 1848 in a house from the 16th / 17th century. Century had been established. Philipp Fritz designed the facade and interior of the café, Perthel the floor plans.

The “Wolkenburg”, the seat of the men's choir An der Wollküche 1–3, had a long history. A Romanesque courtyard was built on Roman ruins and was replaced by a Gothic building in the mid-15th century, which was long known as the "little Gürzenich ". From 1863 this building served as a concert and exhibition building with a beer bar; In 1872 it was acquired by the men's choir and soon afterwards rebuilt in a neo-Gothic style. With that, almost the entire medieval substance was lost and in 1911 a thorough redesign was decided, with which Philipp Fritz was commissioned. According to an article in the Stadt-Anzeiger on June 16, 1912, the result was "a harmonious whole [...] in which the medieval Gothic style seemed to be most happily connected with the art of the new era". This building also fell victim to the Second World War. What has been preserved is a Romanesque portal that was translocated and set up between St. Peter and St. Cäcilien.

Fritz added extensions to two Wilhelminian style houses at Hansaring 80 and Weidengasse 72. The nature of these changes can no longer be determined.

The villa at Mehlemer Straße 8 in Marienburg, which was built for Bernhard Rüther in 1913/14, dates from Philipp Fritz's time as a freelance architect in Cologne. The high gable was clad with wooden shingles, the structure consists of red clinker bricks and dolomite sandstone. The house was used in the 1930s by the NSDAP as a team house for the Race and Settlement Main Office. In 1938, Rolf Distel converted it into a Gau school for Nazi women. The building has largely been preserved in the condition that Distel created back then.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ However, this is not certain, but only an attribution, cf. Wolfram Hagspiel: Cologne and its Jewish architects. 2010, p. 225.
  2. ↑ This information is also based on attributions, cf. Wolfram Hagspiel: Cologne and its Jewish architects , 2010, p. 225.
  3. ^ Wolfram Hagspiel: Cologne and its Jewish architects. 2010, p. 226.
  4. ↑ E.g. exhibition builds a bridge to the past May 27, 2010 on koeln-nachrichten.de ( memento from April 25, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on May 12, 2016.
  5. ^ Hohe Straße 45, 47, 49, An St. Agatha 36, ​​38 and no number.
  6. ^ Wolfram Hagspiel: Cologne and its Jewish architects. 2010, p. 225.
  7. ^ Wolfram Hagspiel: Cologne and its Jewish architects. 2010, p. 230.
  8. ^ Wolfram Hagspiel: Cologne and its Jewish architects. 2010, p. 232.
  9. ↑ Quoted in Wolfram Hagspiel: Cologne and its Jewish architects. 2010, p. 236 f.
personal data
SURNAME Fritz, Philipp
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Fritz, Josef Philipp (full name); Fritz, Filip
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Architect and builder
DATE OF BIRTH November 29, 1878
PLACE OF BIRTH Budapest
DATE OF DEATH after 1942