Dark fork hake

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Dark fork hake
Dark forked hake (Phycis phycis) in Croatia

Dark forked hake ( Phycis phycis ) in Croatia

Systematics
Acanthomorphata
Paracanthopterygii
Order : Cod-like (Gadiformes)
Family : Hake (Phycidae)
Genre : Phycis
Type : Dark fork hake
Scientific name
Phycis phycis
( Linnaeus , 1766)

The Dark hake ( Phycis phycis ) is a fish of the family of hake (Phycidae), which is native to the Mediterranean and parts of the East Atlantic.

features

The body of the dark hake is dark to reddish brown, pale underneath. Usually it reaches a total length of about 25, at most 65 centimeters. In some specimens, the fins have a whitish border. The mouth is inferior and is located on the chin typical of cod individual Bartel . This is equipped with sensors with which he can find food on the ground. Its dorsal fin is divided in two into a short anterior and a long posterior fin , which together with the similarly designed anal fin and the small, rounded caudal fin almost form a fin edge. The eponymous pelvic fins each have only two rays and are designed as a long, thread-like appendage that forks at the tip. They are throaty and set in front of the pectoral fins. Hard rays are not present in any of the fins .

It can be distinguished from the other two species of the genus Phycis in that its pectoral fin processes do not reach the beginning of the anal fin. Furthermore, his relatives clearly differ from him by an elongated first dorsal fin ray.

Distribution, habitat and way of life

The dark forked hake is widespread throughout the Mediterranean , albeit with gaps in the eastern basin. It also occurs in the East Atlantic from the Bay of Biscay to the Moroccan coast and around the Macaronesian Islands . Its habitat is rocky ground where it leads a hidden life. He usually spends the day completely withdrawn in caves and crevices. You can hardly find it in shallow water, it prefers depths of 15 meters or more and even penetrates several hundred meters into the depth. It feeds predatory on invertebrates and small fish, which it also hunts at night over sedimentary bottoms close to its hiding spots. The spawning business takes place between January and May.

In the commercial fishery , the dark fork plays only a very minor role. The IUCN does not assume that the stocks are at risk.

swell

  • Matthias Bergbauer, Bernd Humberg: What lives in the Mediterranean ?: A guide for divers and snorkelers. Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-440-07733-0 .
  • Daniel M. Cohen, Tadashi Inada, Tomio Iwamoto, Nadia Scialabba: FAO species catalog. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalog of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis. No. 125, Vol. 10. Rome, FAO. 1990. 442 p. ( PDF )
  • Phycis phycis in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2015 Posted by: T. Iwamoto, 2015. Accessed August 14, 2016th

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Daniel M. Cohen, Tadashi Inada, Tomio Iwamoto, Nadia Scialabba: FAO species catalog. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalog of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis. No. 125, Vol. 10. Rome, FAO. 1990. 442 p. ( PDF )
  2. ^ A b Matthias Bergbauer, Bernd Humberg: What lives in the Mediterranean? A guide for divers and snorkelers. Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-440-07733-0 .
  3. ↑ Phycis phycis in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2015 Posted by: T. Iwamoto, 2015. Accessed August 14, 2016th

Web links

Commons : Dark Forked Hatchet ( Phycis phycis )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files