Piazza di Rialto

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Il Bancogiro di Rialto - Gabriele Bella
Entrance sign at the site of the Banco Giro, founded in 1619, the second state-controlled bank in Venice after the Banco di Piazza di Rialto, which existed from 1587 to 1637.
Building with wooden shutters and wooden doors, which are rare in Venice, in the Piazza di Rialto

With Piazza di Rialto often the coin changer and market place was Venice on the island of Rialto a place called, but also in the narrow sense right on the Grand Canal . In 1856, Francesco Zanotto describes how, coming from the Rialto Bridge , entering the Piazza di Rialto and immediately on the right-hand side, the Church of San Giacomo di Rialto is found .

The square became world-famous for its trading activities and as a place for bankers and money changers. In the 16th century, a kind of state bank of Venice, the Banco di Piazza di Rialto, was established there. After the last Venetian private bank collapsed in 1584, there was an urgent need to restore confidence in the Venice financial center. Therefore, the Senate decided to set up a state-controlled bank, which was given the trustworthy name of the square on which its seat was built, Rialto Square or Piazza di Rialto. As early as 1584, a Depositario del Banco-giro was overseeing financial transactions on a daily basis. This incumbent elected from the ranks of the senators stayed in this position only for three months and then had to submit his balance sheets in writing and have them checked and signed by one of the three Provveditori sopra banchi . These Proveditors or Overseers have existed since 1524, initially as a special committee, but since 1526 as a permanent institution.

The new bank was located in the Piazza di Rialto, its rear entrance is now marked by an inscription on the rear of the Fabbriche Nuove , which overlooks the Grand Canal. The part of the square on the front that runs under the arcades is now called Sotoportego del Banco Giro , while the largest part of the place that was then called Rialto Square is now called Campo San Giacometto. The name refers to the small church at the east end of the square, San Giacomo di Rialto . The immediate vicinity to the Rialto market was intended, because the traders could deposit their cash here, where there was security against sequestration or confiscation .

As early as 1288, the completely overcrowded square, which was understood to mean the entire area between the fish market and Rialto Bridge to the Church of San Giacomo, was to be arranged in such a way that no bulky objects and goods stood in the way of visitors on trading days. In addition, the incumbent, of the should Rialto market monitored, there own Officium set up, could face the no market stall. Finally, the square should be plated as soon as possible (“faciant salizare dictam terram”). Before 1400, probably under the rule of Doge Antonio Venier , the square was repaved.

From 1322 public punishments and executions were no longer carried out on one of the columns, the Colonna del Maleficio, in the square, but moved between the two columns on St. Mark's Square .

The Chronicle of Gian Giacomo Caroldo († 1539), the Historie venete dal principio della città fino all'anno 1382 , reports how in 959 the followers of the two Doges Pietro III. and Pietro IV. Candiano , so that father and son got into a scuffle on the “Piazza di Rialto” (“vennero insieme alle mani”).

In 1882 the Caffè Vermöano was created .

literature

  • Norbert Huse : Venice. From the art of building a city in the water , Munich: CH Beck Verlag 2005, ISBN 3-406-52746-9 , Chapter 2, pp. 35–60 Venetian places .

Remarks

  1. ↑ Francesco Zanotto: Nuovissima guida di Venezia e delle isole della sua laguna, nella quale si sono corretti da oltre 200 errori che s'incontrano nelle altre guide , Venice: Brizeghel, 1856, p. 373f.
  2. ↑ Ugo Tucci : Il Banco della Piazza di Rialto, prima banca pubblica veneziana , in: Ders .: Mercanti, navi, monete nel Cinquecento veneziano , Bologna 1981, pp. 231-250.
  3. ↑ This is how Vincenzio Antonio Formaleoni justifies it: Topografia veneta, ovvero, Descrizione dello stato veneto , Vol. III, Venice 1787, p. 240.
  4. ↑ After Cristoforo Tentori: Della legislazione veneziana sulla preservazione della laguna , Venice 1792, p. 192.
  5. ^ Lodovico Antonio Muratori : Rerum Italicarum Scriptores , vol. 22, Milan 1733, col. 766.
  6. ^ Riccardo Predelli : I libri commemoriali della Republica di Venezia , Venice 1876, p. 247.
  7. ↑ Șerban V. Marin (Ed.): Gian Giacomo Caroldo. Istorii Veneţiene , vol. I: De la originile Cetăţii la moartea dogelui Giacopo Tiepolo (1249) , Arhivele Naţionale ale României, Bucharest 2008, p. 69 f. ( online ).
  8. ^ Mark Pendergrast: Uncommon Grounds. The History of Coffee and how it Transformed our World , Basic Books, 2010, p. 195.

Coordinates: 45 ° 26 ′ 20.7 ″  N , 12 ° 20 ′ 6.9 ″  E