Pierre Séguier

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The Chancellor Séguier when Louis XIV entered Paris in 1660 painted by Charles Le Brun

Pierre Séguier (born May 28, 1588 in Paris , † January 28, 1672 in Saint-Germain-en-Laye ), Duke of Villemor , was a French politician, high official and chancellor of France , as well as a member of the Académie française (Fauteuil 1 ; 1635 to 1643).

He came from a renowned family of lawyers originally from the Quercy . His grandfather was a magistrate at the Parlement de Paris (Court of Justice). After the early death of his father, the pupil of the Collège Henri-IV de La Flèche was raised by his uncle Antoine Séguier, also a magistrate at the "Parlement".

From 1621 to 1624 he was administrator of Guiana . He began his legal career as a counselor at the Parlement de Paris, where he took over the office of his uncle in 1624. In the time of Cardinal Richelieu , he became custodian in 1633 and chancellor on December 11, 1635. He instructed famous trials like the one against Cinq-Mars (1642) or against Nicolas Fouquet (1661).

From 1631 he was interested in the works of Charles Le Brun , whom he later made possible to study art in Rome. He was his patron until Le Brun became the first court painter to Louis XIV in 1662 .

In 1639 he was given the task of putting down the Nus-Pieds revolt in Normandy. He organized a strict system of repression and had a number of revolutionaries executed.

After Richelieu's death in 1642 he became patron of the Académie française, in which he was the first person to occupy the armchair (armchair) no. 1 in 1635. The Académie met temporarily in his city palace on rue de Grenelle-Saint-Honoré.

Pierre Séguier died on January 28, 1672 in Saint-Germain-en-Laye at the age of 82.

Charles Le Brun , who had already set him a splendid memorial with the “Equestrian Portrait of Chancellor Séguier” (1660, Louvre, original title Portrait équestre du Chancelier Séguier ), had the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture arrange an opulent funeral for him.

Seguier's important library passed into the possession of the Abbey of St. Germain-des-Prés according to the testamentary decree and today - the Graeca as Fonds Coislin - forms a valuable part of the Bibliothèque nationale de France . His private notes were published by Roland Mousnier in 1964 ( Lettres et mémoires adressées au chancelier Séguier (1633–1649) ).

From his marriage to Madeleine Fabri (1597–1683), daughter of Jean Fabri, Seigneur de Champauzé, he left two daughters:

  • Madeleine Séguier (1618–1710), ⚭ (1) 1634 Pierre César du Cambout, marquis de Coislin (⚔ 1641), ⚭ (2) Guy de Laval-Bois-Dauphin, marquis de Laval et de Sablé (⚔ 1646);
  • Charlotte Séguier (1622–1704), ⚭ (1) 1639 Maximilien (III.) De Béthune, duc de Sully († 1662), ⚭ (2) 1668 Henri de Bourbon, duc de Verneuil († 1682).

literature

Web links

Commons : Pierre Séguier  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ For the Coptica cf. H Brakmann: Renaudot's "Pontificale Seguierianum", the "Fourmont" manuscripts in Leningrad and other Coptica Coisliniana . In: Tesserae, Festschrift for J. Engemann = Yearbook for Antiquity and Christianity Erg-Bd. 18 (Münster: Aschendorff 1991) 406-415.
personal data
SURNAME Séguier, Pierre
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French politician, high official and chancellor
DATE OF BIRTH May 28, 1588
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH January 28, 1672
Place of death Saint-Germain-en-Laye