Pieter Leonard Rijke

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Pieter Leonard Rijke

Pieter Leonard Rijke also: Petrus Leonardus Rijke, Petro Leonardo Ryke (born July 11, 1812 in Hemmen , † April 7, 1899 in Leiden ) was a Dutch physicist.

Life

The son of the pastor Dirk Rijke (born October 21, 1789 in Amsterdam; † August 2, 1830 in The Hague) and his wife Elisabeth Pieternella Beausar (born September 25, 1786 in Oosterland; † August 2, 1854 in The Hague), grew up in Brussels . On December 9, 1830, he enrolled at the University of Leiden , where he wanted to complete a degree in philosophical sciences. Like his father, he too wanted to earn a living as a pastor. So he initially pursued a degree in theology, for which he received a scholarship from the theological faculty. On January 15, 1831 he was allowed to continue his scientific studies and his formative teacher was Pieter Johannes Uijlenbroek .

In 1835 he went to the Athenaeum in Maastricht as a professor of natural sciences , where he also gave lectures on chemistry. On June 30, 1836 he received his doctorate in Leiden with the treatise de origine electricitatis Voltaicae to the doctor of philosophy. During his time in Maastricht, he mainly dealt with the standardization of weights, the steam engines in the factories in Limburg, geomagnetism and electricity. On April 5, 1845 he was appointed associate professor of mathematics and physics at the University of Leiden, with a focus on experimental physics. He entered this office on September 21, 1845 with the speech de Metiris Petri Johannis Uylenbroek . In 1859 he founded a natural history laboratory in Leiden and brought together a large number of instruments for this purpose. His basic research led, among other things, to the development of the Rijke tube .

On May 10, 1854 he was appointed full professor, as which he also participated in the organizational tasks and in 1862/63 became rector of the alma mater . He resigned this office with the rector's speech de causis, quibus effectum sit, ut studium disciplinarum physicarum hac nostra aetate tantos fecerit progressus . In the same year he was accepted on May 1, 1863 as a member of the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences . On September 3, 1882, he was out of his chair emeritus and went on 19 September of the same year to retire. Yet he had not remained restless. From February 16, 1864 he was a member of the Council of State in extraordinary service until the end of his life. In addition, he was involved in old age as a curator of the high school in Leiden.

family

From his marriage on July 1, 1852 in Leiden to Johanna Elisabeth Hamaker (* September 14, 1829 in Groesbeek, † February 27, 1875 in Leiden), the daughter of the professor in Franeker and Leiden Hendrik Arend Hamaker (* February 23, 1789 in Amsterdam; † October 7, 1835 in Neerlangbroek) and his wife Johanna Theodora Aurelia Camper (born May 1, 1797 in Franeker; † September 28, 1835 in Neerlangbroek), have six sons and six daughters. From the children we know:

  • Willem Dirk Rijke (born September 11, 1853 in Leiden; † July 24, 1861 ibid)
  • Elisabeth Petronella Rijke (born September 8, 1854 in Leiden; † June 3, 1857 ibid)
  • Theodora Adriana Sophia Rijke (born December 15, 1855 in Leiden;)
  • Frederik Willem Hendrik Rijke (born October 28, 1857 in Leiden;)
  • NN Rijke (* and † December 11, 1858 in Leiden)
  • Menno Rijke (born December 4, 1859 in Leiden;)
  • Eduard Rijke (born September 2, 1861 in Leiden; † January 26, 1943 ibid) married. September 10, 1885 in Nijmegen (Gelderland) with Sophie Marie Gevers (born October 11, 1863 in Boro; † December 30, 1917 Hummelo en Keppel (Gelderland)), daughter of Theodore Jacques Henri Gevers and Johanna Wilhelmina Lans
  • Carolina Jacoba Rijke (born November 28, 1862 in Leiden;)
  • Petrus Leonardus Rijke (born October 6, 1865 in Leiden;)
  • Jacoba Sophia Rijke (* around 1867 in Leiden † October 26, 1938 in Nijmegen)
  • Suzanna Maria Rijke (* around 1870 in Leiden † August 9, 1943 ibid)
  • Constant Rijke (* around 1875 in Leiden; † November 30, 1890 in Wageningen)

Works

  • Responsio ad quaestionem mathematicam qua quaeritur: "Commentatio de projectione stereographica ejusqu usu in geographia et pahasbus defectus solaris delineandis." Leiden 1832.
  • Praecipuae naturae leges, quae in Luminis diffractione observantur, earumque nexus cum aliis optices phaenomenis. Annal. Acad., Leiden 1832.
  • Specimen physicum inaugurale de orginen electricitatis Voltaicae. Maastricht 1836.
  • Oratio de meritis Petri Johannis Uyllenbroek. Leiden 1845.
  • Betrekking het drinkbaar maken van zeewater door den toestel van de heer Louis Roulet. In: Tijdschrift Der Nederlandsche Maatschappij Tot Bevordering Der Geneeskunst. Arnhem 1850, with Gerit Simons
  • Explanation of the amplification that the noise caused by a galvanic spark suffers when the current is interrupted under certain circumstances. In: Johann Christian Poggendorff: Annals of Physics and Chemistry. Leipzig 1853, Vol. 84, pp. 166-172.
  • Note on the range of the Ruhmkorff apparatus. In: Johann Christian Poggendorff: Annals of Physics and Chemistry. Leipzig 1856, Vol. 97, pp. 67-76.
  • About the excitation of electricity that is observed when a liquid leaves the spaharoidal state. In: Johann Christian Poggendorff: Annals of Physics and Chemistry. Leipzig 1856, Vol. 97, pp. 500–508.
  • About the extra streams. In: Johann Christian Poggendorff: Annals of Physics and Chemistry. Leipzig 1858, Vol. 102, pp. 481-529.
  • Notice of a new method of causing a vibration of the air in a tube open at both ends. In: The London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science. Taylor & Francis, London 1859, Vol. 17, pp. 419-422. (on-line)
  • About the range of the electric battery. In: Johann Christian Poggendorff: Annals of Physics and Chemistry. Leipzig 1859, Vol. 106, pp. 411–453.
  • Note on the Inductive Spark. In: The London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science. Taylor & Francis, London 1860, Vol. 20, pp. 441-446. (on-line)
  • On the Duration of a Spark which accompanies the discharge of an Electrical Conductor. In: The London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science. Taylor & Francis, London 1861, Vol. 21, pp. 365-369. (on-line)
  • Note on the inductive spark. In: The London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science. Taylor & Francis, London 1862, Vol. 24, pp. 249-262.
  • Levensschets van Willem Jacob's Gravesande. In: Album of the Natuur. 1879, pp. 65-88.
  • Over de printing, where the gas door gas fire has been changed. In: Verslagen en Mededeelingen of the Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen. Amsterdam, 1874, Deel 9, pp. 127-132.
  • Over den ijk van Gasmeters. Leiden 1875.
  • Iets over the microphoon. In: Verslagen en Mededeelingen of the Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen. Amsterdam 1879, Deel 14, pp. 1-26.
  • Bijdragen tot de divorceis van het gasonderzoek te Leiden. Leiden 1882.

literature

  • HAM Snelders: Rijke, Petrus Leonardus. In: Biographical Woordenboek van Nederland. Huygens ING, The Hague 1989, Vol. 3. (online)
  • Vasco Verlaan: PL Rijke: Een Bron van degelijkheid. Master's dissertation. Utrecht 2003.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Rijke, Pieter Leonard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Petrus Leonardus Rijke, Petro Leonardo Ryke
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch physicist
DATE OF BIRTH July 11, 1812
PLACE OF BIRTH Inhibit
DATE OF DEATH April 7, 1899
Place of death Suffer