Pietro Gori
Pietro Gori (born August 14, 1865 in Messina , † January 8, 1911 in Portoferraio ) was an Italian lawyer , journalist , intellectual and anarchist poet . He is known for his political activities, and as the author of some of the most famous songs of the anarchist movement , including Addio Lugano , Stornelli d'esilio and Ballata pro Sante Caserio .
Life
Gori studied from 1886 at the University of Pisa , where he soon became active in the anarchist movement. In 1887 he was arrested for writing about the Haymarket Riots in Chicago and protesting against the presence of American ships in the port of Livorno. In 1889 he graduated in law with a thesis on La miseria e il delitto (poverty and crime). In November of the same year he published a pamphlet called Pensieri ribelli (rebellious thoughts) under the pseudonym Rigo , whereupon he was arrested for inciting class hatred.
On May 13, 1890, he was arrested again, this time for participating in the organization of the May festivities in Livorno. He was sentenced to one year in prison but was released on November 10, 1890.
After imprisonment, he moved to Milan, where he worked as a lawyer. In January 1891 he took part in the Congress of Capolago , where the Socialist Party of Revolutionary Anarchists ( Partito Socialista Anarchico Rivoluzionario ) was founded.
Gori was under special government surveillance and was arrested, especially before the May festivities. In 1892 he wrote the lyrics to the song Inno del primo maggio (May Day Hymn) in prison . In 1894 he emigrated to Lugano to avoid a five-year prison sentence. In Lugano he was arrested - along with 17 other anarchists - in January 1895 and expelled from the country.
After traveling through Germany and Belgium, he arrived in London. He then traveled to New York and from there through the USA and Canada, where he gave many lectures. In the summer of 1896 he returned to London, where he attended the Congress of the Second International as a representative of the American trade unions .
After interventions in the Italian parliament, he was allowed to return to Italy from exile. The repression following the unrest across Italy in 1898 forced him to flee Italy again after being sentenced to 12 years in prison. He fled via Marseille to Argentina, where he was active in the trade union movement and taught at the university.
Thanks to an amnesty, he was able to return to Italy in 1902, where he founded the magazine Il pensiero with Luigi Fabbri . Apart from a trip to Egypt and Palestine, he spent the years up to his death in Italy doing political work, writing and defending accused political companions.
He died on January 8, 1911 in Portoferraio, where the town hall square is named after him.
literature
- Maurizio Antonioli: Pietro Gori il cavaliere errante dell'anarchia. Studi e testi. Seconda edizione riveduta e ampliata. Biblioteca di storia dell'anarchismo 5. Biblioteca Franco Serantini. Pisa 1996. ISBN 88-86389-23-X
- Maurizio Binaghi: Addio, Lugano bella. Gli esuli politici nella Svizzera italiana di fine Ottocento. Armando Dadò Editore, Locarno 2002.
- Maurizio Binaghi: Pietro Gori. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . December 7, 2005 , accessed March 10, 2020 .
Web links
- “Pietro Gori” Biographical Notes by Maurizio Antonioli, Biblioteca Franco Serantini, 1996.
- Pietro Gori Bibliography on worldcat.org/identities/
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Gori, Pietro |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Italian lawyer, journalist, intellectual and anarchist poet |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 14, 1865 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Messina |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 8, 1911 |
| Place of death | Portoferraio |