Plato from Tivoli
Plato of Tivoli ( Plato Tiburtinus ) was a mathematician and astronomer who worked in Barcelona in the first half of the 12th century and may be of Italian origin (as the surname of Tivoli suggests). He is known as a translator of the works of Greek mathematicians and astronomers, which he translated from Arabic and Hebrew into Latin . He worked with the Jewish mathematician Savasorda (Abraham bar Ḥiyya ha-Nasi, Abraham Judaeus) together. His manuscripts were widely used and used by Albertus Magnus and Fibonacci , among others .
He is only known from his translations. Of these, the following explicitly contain his name:
- Sphaerica of Theodosios of Bithynia (Theodosios of Tripoli)
- Savasorda's Practical Geometry (Liber embadorum). It was translated from Hebrew (according to an astronomical date in the text) in 1145. The book influenced Fibonacci's geometry book and contains one of the earliest complete treatments of quadratic equations in the West.
- De motu stellarum (Al-Zij) by Al-Battani
- De usu astrolabii of Abu'l-Qāsim Maslama (Ibn al-Sạffār). The manuscript contains initial information on the astrolabe in the west.
Further translations are ascribed to him, including the astrology (Tetrabiblios, Quadripartitum) by Claudius Ptolemy , the Iudicia Almansoris (or Capitula Almansoris) by al-Hakim al-Mansur (translated in 1136), the astrological work De navitatibus by Abu ʿAli al-Chayyat (Albohali) or De electionibus horarum by Ali ibn Aḥmad al-Imrani. After Marshall Clagett , he also edited In quadrum circuli (De mensura circuli, Dimensio circuli) by Archimedes .
At that time, Plato of Tivoli was not the only one who used the Arabic libraries in Spain to translate mathematical works from ancient Greece in Arabic tradition into Latin. Also in the 12th century, Gerhard von Cremona worked in Spain ( Toledo ) as a translator of mathematical and astronomical works from Arabic.
literature
- Baldassare Boncompagni : Delle versioni fatte da platone Triburtino. Atti dell 'Accademia pontificia dei Nuovi Lincei, 4, 1851, pp. 249-286
- FJ Carmody: Arabic Astronomical and Astrological Sciences in Latin Translation: A Critical Bibliography. Berkeley, Los Angeles 1956
- Charles Homer Haskins : Studies in History of Medieval Science. Cambridge, Massachusetts 1924
- Charles Homer Haskins: The Renaissance of the Twelfth Century. Cambridge: Harvard University Press 1927
- George Sarton : Introduction to the History of Science. Volume 2, Part 1, Baltimore 1931, pp. 177-179
- Moritz Steinschneider The European translations from Arabic up to the middle of the 17th century. PDF Graz 1956
- Moritz Steinschneider: Abraham Judaeus: Savasorda and Ibn Esra… . In: Journal of Mathematics and Physics. Volume 12, 1867, pp. 1-44 digitized
source
- Article in the Dictionary of Scientific Biography by Lorenzo Minio-Paluello
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ First editions Venice 1518
- ^ Edition with German translation by Maximilian Curtze , Treatises on the History of Mathematical Sciences, Volume 12, Leipzig 1902
- ^ Printed editions Nuremberg 1537 (with commentary by Regiomontanus ), Bologna 1645
- ↑ Editions Venice 1484, 1493, Basel 1551
- ↑ Translated in 1146. Printed edition Nuremberg 1546
- ^ Claggett: Archimedes in the Middle Ages. Madison, Wisconsin, 1964
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Plato from Tivoli |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Plato Tiburtinus |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Mathematician and translator |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 11th century or 12th century |
| DATE OF DEATH | 12th century or 13th century |