Pollack
| Pollack | ||||||||||||
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Pollack ( Pollachius pollachius ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Pollachius pollachius | ||||||||||||
| ( Linnaeus , 1758) |
The pollack ( Pollachius pollachius ), also Steinköhler , Kalmück or (hardly in use any more) wreck fish as well as light or yellow cabbage mouth , is a fish from the cod family .
The common name Pollack is not clear, sometimes the Alaska pollock ( Gadus chalcogrammus ) is also called, although it does not belong to the genus Pollachius , but to the cod genus Gadus . In English-speaking both Pollack are also in the German market under the name pollock sold Köhler ( Pollachius virens ) as "pollack" or "pollock" means, and also of Alaska pollack (Engl. "Alaska pollock").
distribution and habitat
The distribution area of the species extends in the Northeast Atlantic from Scandinavia , Iceland over the British Isles to Morocco . The pollack is also native to the North Sea , occasionally in the Baltic Sea and in the western Mediterranean . It colonizes the shelf regions , where it lives either pelagically or near the rocky bottom at depths of up to about 200 meters.
features
The habitus of the pollack is similar to that of the coalfish , with an upper mouth and three dorsal and two anal fins . In contrast to its relative, however, the lateral line of the pollack shows an arched course over the pectoral fins . The lower jaw has no barbels. The back is black, brown or olive in color, the side line is greenish and the belly shows a silvery gray color. As a rule, the pollack reaches a total length of around 75 centimeters, but occasionally a size of up to 130 centimeters is possible.
Fins formula : dorsal 1 11–14, dorsal 2 15–21, dorsal 3 15–20, anal 1 24–34, anal 2 16–21, pectoral 16–20, ventral 6
Way of life
The schooling fish feeds mainly on herring-like , deep-sea shrimp and sand eels . In the mating season, which lasts from January to May, the animals spawn at depths of 100 to 150 meters at water temperatures of six to eight degrees Celsius. The larvae hatch a week later from the eggs drifting in the open sea. The young fish, which initially eat plankton, spend their first two to three years of life near the coast and often form schools of coalfish of the same size. The pollack has a life expectancy of around eight years.
Economical meaning
Pollack's meat is tasty but dry. It is of little economic importance, but it is often bycatch when fishing for cod and coalfish .
supporting documents
- ↑ Sainsbury's gives unfashionable pollack a makeover
- ↑ a b c d e Andreas Vilcinskas: Fish - Central European freshwater species and marine fish of the North and Baltic Seas. 2nd edition, BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, Munich 2000, ISBN 3-405-15848-6 . P. 196
- ↑ a b c d e Bent J. Muus, Jørgen G. Nielsen: The marine fish of Europe in the North Sea, Baltic Sea and Atlantic. Kosmos, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-440-07804-3 , p. 131.
- ↑ a b c d Daniel M. Cohen, Tadashi Inada, Tomio Iwamoto, Nadia Scialabba: FAO species catalog. Vol.10. Gadiform Fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes) . FAO Fisheries Synopsis. No. 125, Vol. 10. Rome, FAO. 1990. P. 70–71 ( HTML , ZIP / PDF; 26.65MB ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. )
literature
- Hans-Heinrich Reinsch: Köhler and Steinköhler: Pollachius virens u. P. pollachius. (= Die Neue Brehm-Bücherei. Volume 496). A. Ziemsen Verlag, Wittenberg Lutherstadt 1976, ISBN 3-89432-328-0 .
Web links
- Pollack on Fishbase.org (English)