Polish colorism
As Polish colorism (Polish: Koloryzm ) or also as Kapism (Polish: Kapizm ) is an art movement attributed to colorism , which dominated Polish painting in the 1930s and 1940s. The aesthetic ideas of this style determined the art-historical development of the time. However, the achievements of the colorists also became a permanent feature of contemporary Polish painting.
development
The understanding of the representatives of this art direction developed from the deliberations of the "Paris Committee" (in Polish: Komitet Paryskiej Pomocy dla Wyjeżdżających Studentów na Studia Malarskie do Francji ), which was founded in 1923 by Józef Pankiewicz with eleven students at the Kraków Art School ( Akademia Sztuk Pięknych ) was founded. These ideas were in contrast to the traditions of romantic art in Poland, which the members of the committee were too closely tied to the Polish understanding of history and Polish symbolism. The members of the group moved to Paris. The movement there was heavily influenced by Pierre Bonnard , the modern École de Paris in its late phase and by French post-impressionism . After staying in Paris for up to seven years, the members of the group returned to Krakow.
implementation
The aim of the colorists was to change the understanding of art in Poland. A painterly decision of the picture should be the main goal of the creation without considering political or social contexts. So they believed in an "eternal art". In connection with French impressionism, they also fought for a better quality of painting. In order to maintain independence in painting, predominantly neutral subjects such as still lifes, landscapes, nudes or portraits were chosen.
As a result, color dominated the structure of a picture, it created the mood. Form was created using color. Black tones were avoided, light was represented by warm colors, shadows with cold shades. The painting style was simple, symbolism and ambiguity suppressed.
“ Dzieło sztuki istnieje samo w sobie. Malując z natury chcemy stworzyć płótno, by odpowiadało naszemu przeżyciu malarskiemu wobec natury, więc never żeby było documents podobieństwa, ale żeby dało gręcjęosunków i działa konceza plastic. Płótno powinno być rozstrzygnięte po malarsku. "
“ The work of art consists in itself. When we paint from nature, we want to create a picture that corresponds to our painterly experience in relation to nature; it should not become a document of similarity, but it should reflect the play of states and performing activities, whereby nature leads us to this conception . The picture should be designed in a painterly way. "
Representative
Józef Pankiewicz is considered to be the founder of the movement. Important representatives and founding members were Jan Cybis , Józef Czapski , Józef Jarema , Artur Nacht-Samborski , Piotr Potworowski , Hanna Rudzka-Cybisowa and Zygmunt Waliszewski . Other, partly later members of the committee were Seweryn Boraczok , Janusz Strzałecki , Marian Szczyrbuła , Jacek Puget , Dorota Seydenmann and Stanisław Szczepański .
The National Museum in Krakow has the largest collection of paintings by Polish colourists. Here students of Józef Pankiewicz are mainly represented with post-war works.
References and comments
- ↑ a b according to the article Fine Arts on the website of the Polish Institute in Vienna
- ↑ a b c according to Wojciech Włodarczyk, The latest Polish art. Tradition of colorists at Culture.pl
- ↑ The expression "KPści" or "Kapiści" arose from the Polish abbreviation for the Komitet Paryskiej - KP -
- ↑ according to Anda Rottenberg, Sztuka w Polsce 1945-2005 , ISBN 83-89315-57-2 , Wydawnictwo Piotra Marciszuka Stentor, Warsaw 2005, p. 437
- ↑ Jan Cybis (1897–1972) was a Polish painter and university lecturer
- ↑ Józef Jarema (1900–1974) was a Polish painter
- ↑ Hanna Rudzka-Cybisowa, b. Rudza (1897–1988) was a Polish painter, university professor and head of the dean's office for painting at the Cracow School of Art. She was married to Jan Cybis.
- ↑ according to the information on Section II - Modern Polish Painting and Sculpture ( Memento of the original from November 9, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the Kraków National Museum website
