Prasiola
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| ( C.Agardh ) Menegh. , 1838 |
Prasiola is a green algae - genus from the class of Trebouxiophyceae .
description
Prasiola plants consist of small, single-layered leaves that adhere to the substrate with a short stem. Some species, e.g. B. Prasiola crispa , occasionally grow as simple, unbranched filaments consisting of a series of cylindrical cells. Each cell contains a single, star-shaped chloroplast with a central pyrenoid .
Multiplication
The asexual reproduction is usually done by unbegeißelte spores , sometimes by fragmentation or vegetative cells.
The sexual reproduction is oogam .
distribution
The genus is distributed worldwide and occurs in temperate to polar regions on both hemispheres. Prasiola species live in humid terrestrial habitats, in the splash zone of sea coasts or along rivers. You prefer locations with high nutrient input, such as B. resting places for seagulls or the vicinity of penguin nests on sub-Antarctic islands.
Symbiosis with mushrooms
Individual Prasiola species also appear as algae partners in lichen symbioses , in which, however, the alga is the shaping partner and the fungal hyphae grow between the algae cells. One example is the polar lichen Mastodia tessellata , which can consist of a symbiosis between Prasiola borealis and a hose fungus from the Verrucariaceae family .
Types (selection)
- Prasiola anziana Rabenhorst
- Prasiola borealis M. Reed
- Prasiola calophylla (Carmichael ex Greville) Kützing
- Prasiola crispa (Lightfoot) Kützing
- Prasiola cristata (JDHooker & Harvey) J.Agardh
- Prasiola delicata Setchell & NLGardner
- Prasiola delicatula VJChapman
- Prasiola elongata HJHu
- Prasiola fluviatilis (Sommerfelt) Areschoug ex Lagerstedt
- Prasiola formosana Okada
- Prasiola furfuracea (Mertens ex Hornemann) Trevisan
- Prasiola glacialis MBJMoniz, Rindi, Novis, Broady & Guiry
- Prasiola hubeica Bie Lie-Jiu
- Prasiola japonica R.Yatabe
- Prasiola linearis C.-C. Jao
- Prasiola mauritania Boergesen
- Prasiola meridionalis Setchell & NLGardner
- Prasiola mexicana J. Agardh
- Prasiola minuta Dickie
- Prasiola novaezelandiae Heesch & WANelson
- Prasiola sinica C.-C. Jao
- Prasiola skottsbergii Hylmo
- Prasiola stipitata Suhr ex Jessen
- Prasiola tibetica C.-C. Jao
- Prasiola velutina (Lyngbye) Trevisan
- Prasiola volcanica R.Luan & L.Ding
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Michael D. Guiry in Michael D. Guiry, GM Guiry: Prasiola (C.Agardh) Meneghini, 1838, nom. cons., In: Algaebase - World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway, accessed on February 6, 2019. ( http://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=29 )
- ↑ S. Heesch, JE Sutherland & WA Nelson (2012): Marine Prasiolales (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta) from New Zealand and the Balleny Islands, with descriptions of Prasiola novaezelandiae sp. nov. and Rosenvingiella australis sp. Nov. Phycologia 51: 217-227.
- ↑ S. Heesch, M. Pažoutová, MBJ Moniz & F. Rindi (2016): Prasiolales (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta) of the Svalbard Archipelago: diversity, biogeography, and description of the new genera Prasionella and Prasionema. European Journal of Phycology 51: 171-187.
- ^ S. Pérez-Ortega, L. Ríos Ade, A. Crespo & LG Sancho (2010): Symbiotic lifestyle and phylogenetic relationships of the bionts of Mastodia tessellata (Ascomycota, incertae sedis). Am J Bot. 97 (5): 738-52. doi: 10.3732 / ajb.0900323
- ^ I. Garrido-Benavent, S. Pérez-Ortega & A. de los Rios (2017): From Alaska to Antarctica: Species boundaries and genetic diversity of Prasiola (Trebouxiophyceae), a foliose chlorophyte associated with the bipolar lichen-forming fungus Mastodia tessellata . Molecular phylogenetics and Evolution 107: 117-131.