Sermon Church
A sermon church or sermon hall church is a church building that is oriented towards the preaching of the word through its architecture and furnishings .
The classic building type of the Romanesque and Gothic basilica with side aisles and side chapels and the orientation towards the choir , apse and high altar reflects a sacramental understanding of the liturgy , in which the focus is not on the comprehensibility of the word but on the execution of the mystery . On the other hand, in the Sermon Church, for acoustic and theological reasons, dividing and structuring elements are dispensed with and the gaze and hearing direction of those gathered is concentrated on the place of proclamation, the pulpit . This is especially the case with hall churches , which already appeared in the high Gothic period. They were built especially as monastery churches for the preaching orders and as market churches for the urban bourgeoisie. The orientation towards the choir and altar was retained, but the pulpit was pulled forward towards the people, often as far as the middle of the nave. The pulpit in transverse churches and central buildings is moved even more into the middle than in the hall churches .
The Reformation , which taught the primacy of the word over the sacrament, developed the actual type of the preaching church. In existing medieval churches, the stalls were often aligned with the pulpit and the high choir, especially in the Reformed area, was separated. Above all, the building type of the transverse church was a consequence of Martin Luther's understanding of worship (sermon for the inauguration of the Torgau Castle Church on October 5, 1544) from 1544 onwards with new buildings and renovations at the beginning of the new Protestant church building. The preaching church in its various forms thus becomes the classic type of the Protestant church, which can also be taken from the later theses of the Wiesbaden program of 1891.
The arrangement of the pulpit altar was partially developed for new buildings .
Web links
- Sermon Church , accessed September 15, 2012
- Reformed Sermon Churches , accessed October 11, 2015
Individual evidence
- ↑ Martin Grassnick: The architecture of the modern age . Springer-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-32-283181-1 , p. 143
- ^ D. Martin Luther's works, Weimar edition; Critical Complete Edition Volume 49, Weimar 1913, pages 588–615 - available at [1]
- ^ Doct. Martinus Luther: Inauguration of a Newen house for the preaching room of Divine Words erbawet / In the Electoral Palace at Torgaw . Wittenberg 1546 - Reprint for the 450th anniversary of the Schloßkirche in October 1994; ed. Ev. Torgau parish, 1994
- ↑ Martin Luther: Inauguration of a new house for the preaching office of the divine word, built in the electoral palace in Torgau (1546) , Notger Slenczka, transmission: Jan Lohrengel; in: Martin Luther: German-German Study Edition (DDStA), Volume 2, edited by Dietrich Korsch and Johannes Schilling; Leipzig 2015, pp. 851–891
- ^ Jörn Bahns: Johannes Otzen 1839-1911. Contributions to the architecture of the 19th century . Prestel-Verlag, 1971, p. 38