professional

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A professional , short for obsolete professionist , is someone who, in contrast to an amateur or dilettante, pursues a job professionally or as a gainful activity to earn his own living .

The term professionalism , especially the adjective professional , is also used to designate the type of activity carried out, often regardless of whether this is done for a fee. This term is also used to describe the quality of a product, in particular its suitability as a reliable tool for professional practice (e.g. professional software).

Professional and professional

Generally you would expect from a professional formal qualifications and higher performance than from an amateur .

Professional qualities are assigned to a professional . The notions of professionalism generally go more or less far beyond fixed professional requirements: a person is expected to have an increased level of knowledge, skills and abilities, special problem-solving skills and a pronounced “professional distance ” if they - regardless of the The fact that she receives income from her job - is referred to as a "professional" . The term also implies a role expectation . The term describes those skills, knowledge or behavior that one might expect from a person (a "professional") in relation to the exercise or performance of an activity, for whom this activity is the focus of professional work:

  • the specialist knowledge of a specialist (as opposed to the layperson or the colloquial use of the term dilettante ) and, as a result, knowledge of the consequences of one's own professional behavior ("A professional knows what he is doing.") as well as the ability to reject tasks, which cannot be processed with sufficient quality due to one's own abilities (knowledge of one's own abilities and limits)
  • the ability (e.g. the professional game of a musician)
  • the execution of an activity by persons who can provide evidence of certified training and whose professional practice has certain quality features and / or is regulated by professional regulations ( e.g. professional law for the liberal professions). This also includes requirements for further training and, if necessary, the use of supervision in the psychosocial area .

The expression “very professional” or “extremely professional” is a compliment for action and behavior that can be measured against particularly high standards and is associated with certain character traits - often a mixture of primary and secondary virtues . Above all, dealing with critical situations is considered. Reliability, propriety , fairness , loyalty , integrity or a sense of duty are sometimes mentioned as character traits in this regard , as well as moral courage in the sense of a willingness to stand by one's own convictions.

Professional and amateur in sports

Athletes who derive their income mainly from their sport to be as professional athletes , short (colloquially) Professional or Professional or Pro called. There are football professionals (see professional football ), tennis professionals , etc. (see professional sports ). While in the history of sport up to 1981 a distinction was made between Olympic amateurs and professionals, since that time there have mostly been mixed forms, as most people have to mix different forms of income like a small business owner .

See also

Web links

Wiktionary: Professional  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Christof Arn: Professionalism comes from self-determination. The word “professional” is often used unprofessionally. In: Leidfaden. Specialist magazine for crises, suffering, grief . No. 2, 2017 . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, February 2017, ISSN  2192-1202 , p. 3 ( ethikprojekte.ch [PDF]).
  2. ↑ Winfried Berner: Professionalism: Adhere to demanding standards. In: Lexicon of Change Management. Retrieved July 18, 2009 .
  3. ↑ Harald Fischer: Sport and business. Professionalization in sport. Bartels & Wernitz, Berlin 1986, ISBN 3-87039-077-8 .
  4. ↑ Arnd Krüger : The competitive athlete as a small business owner. A new socio-economic interpretation of sport and work, in: Leistungssport 2 (1972), 3, 211–216; http://www.iat.uni-leipzig.de:8080/vdok.FAU/1972_3_211216_krueger.pdf?sid=7A536472&dm=1&apos=5687&rpos=1972_3_211216_krueger.pdf&ipos=8483