Pseudocistela ceramboides
| Pseudocistela ceramboides | ||||||||||||
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Pseudocistela ceramboides |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Pseudocistela ceramboides | ||||||||||||
| ( Linnaeus , 1761) |
Pseudocistela ceramboides is a beetle from the family of black beetles and the subfamily Alleculinae . The species summarized today as Alleculinae were at times also regarded as the Alleculidae family and, in contrast to most Tenebrionids, also contain colored species. Pseudocistella ceramboides, for example, haslight cinnamon-brown wing covers .
In the Red List of Threatened Species in Germany , the species is classified in Category 2 (highly endangered), in North Rhine-Westphalia it is listed as a rare species that is bound to certain biotopes and is assumed to be endangered.
Comments on the name and the system
The species was first listed in 1758 in the famous 10th edition of Linnés Systema naturae in the genus Chrysomela under the number 74 as Chrysomela ceramboides and with the words Chrysomela oblonga nigra, elytris testaceis, antennis serratis ( Latin elongated black Chrysomela, wing coverts brick-colored, Sawn sensor ). The species name ceramboides (after the genus Cerámbyx and ancient Greek ειδής eidēs, similar) means that the beetle looks like a longhorn beetle . The species was variously placed in other genera ( Mordella and Cistela ) and finally assigned to the genus Pseudocistela (from ancient Greek ψεύδος psēūdos, false and the generic name Cistela, which is no longer used today ). The genus Pseudocistela has five species in Europe and nine species worldwide.
Characteristics of the beetle
The body is elongated oval and reaches a length of ten to twelve millimeters. It is curved in relation to the longitudinal axis (Fig. 2). Because of the fine hair that lies close to it, it only appears matt and glossy.
The head (Fig. 4) is small and rounded, the mouthparts point forward. The end link of the jaw probe is thickened in the shape of a spindle or ax. There is a wide, shiny skin at the base of the upper lip. The large, arched eyes are wider than they are long, and the front edge is heavily edged due to the widening of the cheeks. This widening only partially covers the base of the wing. The eleven-jointed antennae are hairy, lying close to the body and sawed from the fourth joint. They are turned right in front of the eyes. In the female they are half as long as the body, in the male they are significantly longer. The third antenna segment is much shorter than the fourth.
The throat plate is viewed from above, approximately semi-circular, laterally, it is folded near the base, the edge goes out forward but before the center of the throat plate (Fig. 2). The double-bulged base of the pronotum is narrower than the elytra together. It is edged and the fine and dense dots become increasingly blurred in front of the edge (Fig. 5). The color of the pronotum varies from matt black to cinnamon brown.
The cinnamon-colored elytra are long and have numerous clear dot stripes. The spaces in between are finely chagrined and flat.
The rear hips are on the same level as the 1st abdominal star. The first abdominal segment is bordered in front, the following sternites laterally. The front hip cavities are closed. The front hips are ellipsoidal and clearly separated from each other. The middle hips are only slightly apart, the rear hips almost touch each other (Fig. 3). The legs are thin. The tarsi are four-limbed on the hind legs, otherwise five-limbed, the penultimate limb without a protruding lobe. The claws are serrated like a comb (Fig. 1).
 Fig. 1: Claw foreleg Fig. 2: Side view  Fig. 3: Underside  |
 Fig. 4: Head Fig. 5: Breastplate  |
biology
The adults are mainly found on and in rotting wood at night. The range of trees assumed includes a variety of deciduous trees, but oaks are preferred . They can also be found less frequently on flowering bushes. The larvae develop in the sludge and rotting wood of various deciduous trees, especially in oak forests. The adult beetles are nocturnal and like to fly to light sources.
distribution
The European species is distributed in north-south direction from Norway , Sweden and Finland to Italy , in east-west direction the distribution area is very limited. As eastern border to Hungary , Poland , the Baltic States and Finland specified, but the type is missing in the Czech Republic of Slovakia as well as in the states of former Yugoslavia . In the west, Switzerland , France and the Benelux countries are already outside the range, and the data situation is uncertain for Great Britain . The beetle is common locally.
literature
- Heinz joy , Karl Wilhelm Harde , Gustav Adolf Lohse (ed.): The beetles of Central Europe . tape 8 . Teredilia Heteromera Lamellicornia . Elsevier, Spektrum, Akademischer Verlag, Munich 1969, ISBN 3-8274-0682-X .
- Klaus Koch : The Beetles of Central Europe Ecology . 1st edition. tape 2 . Goecke & Evers, Krefeld 1989, ISBN 3-87263-040-7 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Pseudocistela ceramboides in Fauna Europaea. Retrieved February 17, 2013
- ↑ Red lists at Science4you
- ^ C. Linnæus 1758: Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis Editio decima first description, page 377, No. 74
- ↑ Sigmund Schenkling: Explanation of the scientific beetle names (species)
- ↑ Pseudocistela in Fauna Europaea. Retrieved February 17, 2013
- ↑ Pseudocistela at BioLib
