Pseudoxenasma verrucisporum
| Pseudoxenasma verrucisporum | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pseudoxenasma verrucisporum |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Pseudoxenasma | ||||||||||||
| KH Larss. & Hjortstam 1976 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Pseudoxenasma verrucisporum | ||||||||||||
| KH Larss. & Hjortstam 1976 |
The monotypical genus of pseudoxenasma ( pseudoxenasma ) with the type species Pseudoxenasma verrucisporum belongs systematically to the order of the Russulales. Their exact position in the system is still controversial. The white rot mushrooms have thin, somewhat waxy, resupinate fruiting bodies. They are easily recognized by their pleurobasidia , papillary sulfocystidia, and large, warty and amyloid basidiospores .
features
The annual, resupinate, only up to 0.1 mm thick fruiting bodies are firmly attached to the substrate. The hymenium is more or less waxy and usually smooth and whitish to gray in color. The spore powder is whitish.
The hyphae system is monomitic and consists of tightly interwoven, thin-walled and rather indistinctly delimited hyphae . Buckles are formed on the septa. The broadly cylindrical to urn-shaped or club-shaped basidia are mostly formed as pleurobasidia , so are not formed at the hyphae end, but laterally. They have a basal buckle and four sterigms . In addition, more or less cylindrical to club-shaped sulfocystids always occur as sterile elements . Gloeocystides that have a positive sulfovanillin reaction are referred to as sulfocystids. The cystids often have a schizopapilla (a spherical, head-like apical process) and are filled with a granular protoplasmic content that is highly refractive in KOH under the phase contrast microscope . The warty ornamented , thick-walled spores are broadly ellipsoidal to almost spherical and have a strong amyloid reaction.
The genus is reminiscent of Aleurodiscus by the size and structure of the spores , by the occurrence of numerous pleurobasidia and the thin fruiting body with the dense and indistinct hyphae texture of Xenasma and by the combination of amyloid, warty spores and sulfocystids of Gloeocystidiellum . The fungi differ from all Aleurodiscus species by the absence of acanthohyphidia and dendrohyphidia , from Xenasma by the occurrence of sulfocystidia and from Gloeocystidiellum by the occurrence of pleurobasidia.
Ecology and diffusion
The rare wart-pore pseudo-wax skin ( Pseudoxenasma verrucisporum ) has been found in Belgium, Austria, Norway and Sweden. The fungus lives saprobiotically on coniferous wood and causes white rot in the affected wood. It grows on branches and trunks lying on the ground, but also on dead branches of spruce trees that are still on the tree. He likes or needs more or less humid forests. The species often grows together with the orange-colored flour disc ( Aleurodiscus amorphus ), Globulicium hiemale or Boidinia furfuracea .
Systematics
The genus Pseudoxenasma with the only species Pseudoxenasma verrucisporum undisputedly belongs to the order of the Russulales. Their exact position in the system is still controversial, with some mycologists believing that it is best placed in the deaf relatives family. According to E. Larsson and K.-H. Larsson is the monotypic genus a sister taxon of the deaf relatives. Pseudoxenasma verrucisporum belongs to the species that have a dense, more or less gelatinized, hyphae texture. In such species the generative hyphae often grow horizontally in the hymenium and develop their basidia laterally. Gelatinized hyphae and the lateral formation of hyphae seem to enable rapid sporulation under suitable sporulation conditions.
swell
- Pseudoxenasma. KH Larss. & Hjortstam (1976). In: MycoBank.org. International Mycological Association, accessed February 19, 2013 .
- Pseudoxenasma. KH Larss. & Hjortstam (1976). In: CABI databases: speciesfungorum.org. Retrieved February 20, 2013 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Corticiaceae s. l. In: A. Bernicchia, SP Gorjón (ed.): Fungi Europaei . tape 12 , 2010, p. 562 ( mycobank.org ).
- ^ A b J. Eriksson, K. Hjortstam, L. Ryvarden: The Corticiaceae of North Europe . tape 6 , 1981, pp. 1223 ( mycobank.org ).
- ↑ a b K. Hjortstam, K.-H. Larsson: Pseudoxenasma, a new genus of Corticiaceae (Basidiomycetes) . In: Mycotaxon . tape 4 , no. 1 , 1976, p. 307–311 ( mycobank.org - original description with illustrations).
- ^ A b Jens H. Petersen, Thomas Læssøe: About the genus Pseudoxenasma. In: www.mycokey.org . Retrieved February 22, 2013 .
- ↑ Worldwide distribution of Pseudoxenasma verrucisporum. (No longer available online.) In: GBIF Portal / data.gbif.org. Archived from the original on September 7, 2014 ; Retrieved September 5, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ellen Larsson, Karl-Henrik Larsson: Phylogenetic relationships of russuloid basidiomycetes with emphasis on aphyllophoralean taxa . In: Mycological Society of America (Ed.): Mycologia . tape 95 , no. 6 . Lawrence 2003, p. 1037-1065 ( mycologia.org ).
- ^ Karl-Henrik Larsson: Re-thinking the classification of corticioid fungi . In: Elsevier (Ed.): Mycological research . tape 111 , no. 9 , 2007, p. 1040-1063 .
