Dobřany Psychiatric Hospital

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Psychiatric Hospital Dobřany (Czech Psychiatrická nemocnice v Dobřanech ) is a psychiatric facility in Dobřany , Czech Republic , about ten kilometers southwest of Pilsen .

history

Because of the urgent need for an insane asylum in West Bohemia , the Bohemian Parliament decided on October 15, 1874 to establish a new insane asylum on the outskirts of Dobřany. It was initially designed for 500 patients, but was expanded to 600 places during the planning phase. An expert commission headed by Ludwig Tedesco, who u. a. the physicians Ludwig Schlager and Anton von Jaksch and the railway specialist Georg Löwbelonged, prepared the building of the institution. The commission announced an architecture competition, with only four projects being submitted of the nine architects from Prague and three from Vienna. A first prize was not awarded. The Prague architect and master railroad builder Josef Benischek received the second prize, endowed with 2500 guilders, and was commissioned to implement his revised project.

Between 1876 and 1883 the extensive complex of the state insane asylum was built to the southwest of the city, across the Klumčanský creek (Chlumčanský potok) for 1.8 million guilders. On April 13, 1880, the first 50 patients were transferred from the overcrowded Prague insane asylum to Dobřany; Arnold Pick took over the management of the asylum . In 1880, the institution church of the Exaltation of the Cross was consecrated. The official opening took place on March 5, 1881.

The place was called Wiesengrund from 1939 to 1945 and was located in the Sudetengau . In the Third Reich, the Gau-Heil- und Pflegeanstalt Wiesengrund was called "the most modern, functional and most beautiful in Europe". It had extensive parks and gardens, farmland, meadows, its own train station and its own cemetery. Many patients, including children from the so-called children's department , were murdered during the National Socialist era as part of Action T4 . Patients from the Central Bohemian sanatorium Kosmonosy were transferred via Wiesengrund to the killing centers in Pirna-Sonnenstein and Hartheim via the train station .

The former Lázně Letiny spa has been a branch of the clinic since the 1980s . Today around 1,200 patients live here. The director is Petr Žižka.

literature

  • Michal Šimůnek, Dietmar Schulze (ed.): The National Socialist "Euthanasia" in the Reichsgau Sudetenland and Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia 1939–1945. Praha: Institute of Contemporary History of the Academy of Sciences Prague, 2008

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Vznik a výstavba ústavu v Dobřanech (pldobrany.cz, accessed December 26, 2017, Polish)
  2. ↑ Wolftraud de Concini: Beautiful city, bad story.

Coordinates: 49 ° 38 ′ 38.3 "  N , 13 ° 17 ′ 8.3"  E