Ptolemy XIV

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Ptolemy XIV Philopator (* around 59 BC; † 44 BC) was a king of Egypt from the Ptolemaic dynasty . He was the son of Ptolemy XII. ; he followed his older brother Ptolemy XIII. after his death on January 14, 47 BC BC (Julian) as co-regent of his older sister Cleopatra VII .

Life

The mother of Ptolemy XIV is unknown (see the article Ptolemy XIII ). Since Gaius Julius Caesar had to fear an uprising after his invasion of Alexandria and his support for Cleopatra VII, he gave the formerly brutally annexed Cyprus back to the Egyptian Empire to calm the situation and temporarily appointed Ptolemy XIV and his sister Arsinoë IV to coregents of this island (48 BC). After the fall of Ptolemy XIII. In the fight against Caesar, the Roman general was the undisputed master in Egypt and handed over rule to his lover Cleopatra, but with due regard for tradition he formally joined her 12-year-old brother Ptolemy XIV as co-regent (and probably also consort) at her side. A new count of the government years began; the 1st year of Ptolemy XIV was equated with the 5th year of Cleopatra (= September 4, 48 to September 3, 47 BC). The insignificant role of Ptolemy XIV in the government is shown by the fact that Cleopatra continued to have only her portrait minted on coins and that her name appeared before that of her brother in dating.

As Cleopatra in the summer of 46 BC Was invited to Rome by Caesar, she took Ptolemy XIV and a large retinue with him. After Caesar's assassination on the Ides of March 44 BC. Cleopatra fled and returned to Egypt with her brother. Soon after, she had him eliminated. This murder was likely politically motivated. Cleopatra, unpopular with the Alexandrians, was still unsure of her rule, especially after the death of her Roman patron. Perhaps an Egyptian party that did not share its Rome-friendly attitude tried to replace Cleopatra with Arsinoe at the side of Ptolemy XIV. In any case, the queen now had a free hand and called her three-year-old son of Caesar, Ptolemy XV. to become the new co-regent.

literature

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ according to Josephus (Jewish Antiquities XV 89) he was killed when he was murdered in 44 BC. 15 years old
  2. ↑ Cassius Dio XLII 35, 5f.
  3. ↑ Alexandrian War 33, 1f .; Cassius Dio XLII 44, 1f .; Suetonius , Caesar 35, 1; among others
  4. ↑ Porphyrios in Jacoby, Fragments of Greek Historians, No. 260 F 2, 16
  5. ↑ Cassius Dio XLIII 27, 3
  6. ^ Josephus, Jüdische Antiquities XV 89; Against Apion II 58; still in his 4th year of reign: Porphyrios, F 2, 16f .; on July 26th 44 BC His death was not yet known: Papyri Oxyrhynchus XIV 1629
  7. ↑ See Huss (see lit.), p. 727
predecessor Office successor
Ptolemy XIII Co-king of Egypt
47–44 BC Chr. 		Ptolemy XV
personal data
SURNAME Ptolemy XIV
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ptolemy XIV Philopator (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION King of Egypt from the Ptolemaic dynasty
DATE OF BIRTH around 59 BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH 44 BC Chr.