Powder inhaler
Powder inhalers are devices that are primarily used in the treatment of asthma , chronic bronchitis and COPD in order to deliver the corresponding active ingredients in powder form into the lungs. The principle is always the same: The active ingredient is in the form of a powder and is inhaled with the inhalation without the aid of a propellant gas.
history
In 1955 the first pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) operated with a propellant was developed. In 1959 the first dry powder inhaler (DPI) came on the market for the administration of sodium chromoglycate . Other different models followed over the years, which are sold by the various providers under their own brand names and which differ only slightly in technical terms.
variants
In addition to the selection of the suitable active ingredient for treatment, the selection of the right application is an important decision criterion for the therapy of obstructive airways diseases in order to bring the correct amount of active ingredient to the right place at the right time. Numerous disadvantages of the classic metered dose aerosols, e.g. B. Coordination errors and cold stimulus during application, the ozone-damaging effect of CFC propellants and the low dose of maximum 1 mg per spray that can be administered led to the introduction of powder inhalers. In contrast to compressed gas metered dose inhalers, the preparation is not actively nebulized by the applicator, but finely distributed and absorbed by the patient's breathing.
Depending on the design, the micronized active ingredient is either in single-dose containers (capsule, blister ) or in a reservoir (powder container or ring tablet). The active ingredient can either be in pure form or applied to a carrier material. The carrier material consists of 50 μm to 200 μm lactose monohydrate particles to which the micronized active ingredient particles adhere adhesively ("drusen"). During the inhalation process, the small active substance particles ( mean aerodynamic diameter : 1 µm to 5 µm) are separated from the inert carrier substances . The larger lactose monohydrate particles are separated by impaction in the throat and do not get into the lungs. The use of soft pellets , which consist of agglomerated, micronized active ingredient particles , is less common and restricted to one type of inhaler .
Powder inhalers are offered as non-refillable and refillable.
Each of these powder inhalers has its own characteristics and uses, which the patient must be fully informed about.
| Powder inhaler, registered name | Finished medicinal products (contained active ingredients) | Dosing system |
|---|---|---|
| Aerolizer | Foradil P ( Formoterol ), Miflonide ( Budesonide ) | Capsule inhaler |
| Breezhaler | Ultibro ( Glycopyrronium / Indacaterol ), Seebri (Glycopyrronium), Onbrez (Indacaterol) | Capsule inhaler |
| Cyclohaler | Cyclocaps Beclometason, Cyclocaps Budesonid, Cyclocaps Formoterol, Cyclocaps Salbutamol, | Capsule inhaler |
| discus | Atmadisc ( Fluticason , Salmeterol ), Flutide (Fluticason), Serevent (Salmeterol), Viani (Fluticason, Salmeterol) | Blister inhaler |
| Easyhaler | Beclomet Easyhaler ( Beclometason ), Budesonide Easyhaler, FormoterolHEXAL, Salbu Easyhaler (Salbutamol) | Multi-dose dosing reservoir |
| Ellipta | Anoro ( Umeclidinium , Vilanterol ) Incruse (Umeclidinium) Relvar (fluticasone, Vilanterol) | Blister inhaler |
| Elpenhaler | Pulmelia (budesonide, formoterol), Rolenium (fluticasone, salmeterol) | Blister inhaler |
| Forspiro | Airflusal (fluticasone, salmeterol) | Blister inhaler |
| Genuine | Bretaris ( Aclidinium ), Eklira (Aclidinium), Brimica (Formoterol, Aclidinium), Duaklir (Formoterol, Aclidinium) | Multi-dose dosing reservoir |
| HandiHaler | Spiriva ( tiotropium ) | Capsule inhaler |
| Nexthaler | Foster (beclometasone, formoterol) | Multi-dose dosing reservoir |
| Novolizer | Budecort (Budesonid), Formatris (Formoterol), Formotop (Formoterol), Novopulmon (Budesonid), Ventilastin (Salbutamol) | Multi-dose dosing reservoir |
| Spiromax | DuoResp (budesonide, formoterol) | Multi-dose dosing reservoir |
| Turbohaler | Oxis (Formoterol), Pulmicort (Budesonid), Symbicort (Budesonid, Formoterol) | Multi-dose dosing reservoir |
| Twisthaler | Asmanex ( Mometason ) | Multi-dose dosing reservoir |
| Zonda | Braltus (tiotropium bromide) | Capsule inhaler |
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Aerosol Drug Management Improvement www.admit-online.info - European website on obstructive pulmonary diseases.
- ↑ NA Urbanetz: powder inhalers - Physical influences control the pulmonary deposition , Pharmaceutical newspaper, issue 40 of 2006..