Points system (immigration)
In immigration policy, a points system is a system defined in national laws and regulations, according to which foreigners must achieve a specified number of points according to certain specified criteria in order to receive a certain visa. Such point systems are intended to enable a needs-based control of immigration .
The Canadian and Australian point systems are often cited in other countries as examples of the management of immigration policy.
Individual states
Australia
In Australia, certain work visas must be awarded a points test. The point system was changed on July 1, 2012 ( see also: Skilled worker visa (Australia) ).
Denmark
In Denmark a point system for family reunification, which was gradually tightened up in 2011 and was later abolished ( see also: Immigration and immigration policy in Denmark since 1945 # family reunification among non-EU foreigners ).
Germany
There is no point system for immigration in Germany. In a report that was presented in the course of the preparation of the Immigration Act in 2001, the Süssmuth Commission recommended a points system based on the Canadian model. In the end, however, no point system was included in the law ( see also: Article “Foreigners Policy”, section “Immigration Act” ).
In July 2006, on the occasion of the German Integration Summit, the Intercultural Council in Germany and Pro Asyl recommended "adding a points system to the Immigration Act that evaluates the qualifications and integration chances of potential immigrants and steers immigration in a future-oriented manner independent of the labor market".
From October 2016, the Federal Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs and the Federal Employment Agency carried out a three-year pilot project - the “Points-based model project for foreign skilled workers” (PuMa). However, only fifteen residence permits have been issued on this basis since the start of the project (as of October 2018).
In November 2016, the SPD presented a new draft law for an immigration law based on a point system. CDU politicians said that it was currently the wrong signal to use an immigration law to create the impression that more immigration was needed. ( See also: Article “Refugee crisis in Germany from 2015”, section “Controlling immigration?” ; For further developments around the draft immigration law, see migration package .)
Canada
Canada was the first country to introduce a points system for immigrants. It was introduced in 1967 and has been developed since then.
In order to get a skilled worker visa for Canada today, it is necessary to work in a so-called "shortage occupation" and to take a points test.
Austria
The red-white-red card regulates the immigration of qualified third-country nationals to Austria according to a criteria-driven model. Points are awarded for education, work experience, age and language skills.
United Kingdom
The UK first introduced a points system for immigration in 2008. It only applied to non-EU citizens. After Brexit , Prime Minister Boris Johnson announced the introduction of a points system for skilled workers in February 2020. It should come into force in early 2021.
United States
The United States, under the administration of President Donald Trump , is planning to limit legal immigration. The RAISE Act proposed in 2017 plans to replace existing regulations such as the green card lottery and family-based immigration with a points system.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Points test Australia: structure, distribution & weighting. In: www.in-australien.com. Retrieved November 10, 2016 .
- ↑ Denmark liberalizes policy on foreigners. manager magazin, October 14, 2011, accessed November 10, 2016 .
- ↑ Jana Sinram: Freedom of the press or xenophobia? The dispute over the Mohammed cartoons and Danish immigration policy , Campus, 2015, ISBN 978-3-593-50309-7 . Pp. 116-117
- ^ Antje Scheidler: Germany: Report of the Süssmuth Commission. (No longer available online.) In: www.migration-info.de. July 4, 2001, archived from the original on November 12, 2016 ; accessed on November 10, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Integrating the world as friends: Requirements for a sustainable integration policy. Pro Asyl, July 13, 2006, accessed June 16, 2018 .
- ↑ Points-based model project for foreign skilled workers. In: Annual Report 2019. Federal Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs (BMAS), November 25, 2016, accessed on June 13, 2019 .
- ↑ Troubled times: A look back at the integration and migration policy of the last few years Annual report 2019. Council of German Foundations for Integration and Migration (on behalf of: Stiftung Mercator, VolkswagenStiftung, Bertelsmann Stiftung, Freudenberg Stiftung, Robert Bosch Stiftung, Stifterverband and Vodafone Stiftung Deutschland), accessed on June 13, 2019 . P. 42.
- ↑ And the Migration Act greets you every day. FAZ, November 7, 2016, accessed on November 12, 2016 .
- ^ Matthias Rüb: Model Canada. In: correctiv.org. Retrieved December 19, 2018 .
- ^ Immigration to Canada. In: Faz. October 17, 2010, accessed December 22, 2018 .
- ↑ Emigration to Canada: The Points System. In: http : //www.auswandern- Handbuch.de . January 8, 2013, accessed November 10, 2016 .
- ↑ Points calculator. migration.gv.at, accessed on June 10, 2017 .
- ^ Adam Donald: Immigration points-based systems compared. In: BBC News. BBC, June 1, 2016, accessed November 10, 2016 .
- ^ Government lays out plans for post-Brexit points-based immigration system. In: itv.com. February 18, 2020, accessed February 19, 2020 .
- ↑ Stuart Anderson: Family Ties: Even Donald Trump Is A Product Of 'Chain Migration'. In: www.forbes.com. January 12, 2018, accessed July 28, 2018 .
- ↑ Summary: pp.354 - 115th Congress (2017-2018): Reforming American Immigration for Strong Employment Act or the RAISE Act. Retrieved July 28, 2018 .
