Pyrococcus furiosus
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Pyrococcus furiosus |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Pyrococcus furiosus | ||||||||||||
| Fiala & Stetter 1986 |
Pyrococcus furiosus is a thermophilic species of archaea . Their optimal growth temperature is 100 ° C. Pyrococcus furiosus is one of the few organisms thatcontainthe element tungsten .
properties
P. furiosus is known for its rapid growth under optimal conditions (division rate less than 40 minutes). Microscopically it appears as a 0.8 to 1.5 µm large coccus with flagella . It grows at a temperature between 70 and 103 ° C and a pH of 5 to 9 in a medium made from yeast extract , maltose and various other factors. No growth takes place in the presence of alcohol or simple sugars.
use
The proteins from P. furiosus are very heat stable. This is why the thermostable DNA polymerase ( Pfu polymerase, deep vent polymerase) from P. furiosus is often used for PCR analysis because, in contrast to Taq polymerase, it has proofreading activity.
discovery
The archaeon was first isolated from anaerobic , geothermally heated sea sediments with a temperature of 90 ° C and 100 ° C on the beach of Porto Levante, on the island of Vulcano in Italy. It was first described in 1986 by Karl Stetter from the University of Regensburg and his colleague Gerhard Fiala .
Genome
The complete genome of P. furiosus was sequenced in 2001 by scientists from the University of Maryland . The genome is 1,908 kilobase pairs in size and codes for 2,065 proteins.
Naming
Pyrococcus is Greek and means "fire berry". The name refers to the round shape and its thermophilicity. Furiosus , Latin for “maddened”, is intended to indicate the rapid rate of division.
literature
- G. Fiala and KO Stetter: Pyrococcus furiosus sp. nov. represents a novel genus of marine heterotrophic archaebacteria growing optimally at 100 ° C. In: Archives of Microbiology. Volume 145, 1986, pp. 56-61, doi: 10.1007 / BF00413027 .
- FT Robb, DL Maeder, JR Brown, J. DiRuggiero, MD Stump, RK Yeh, RB Weiss, DM Dunn: Genomic sequence of hyperthermophile, Pyrococcus furiosus: implications for physiology and enzymology. In: Methods in Enzymology . Volume 330, 2001, 134-57, PMID 11210495 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Theodor Dingermann, Thomas Winckler, Ilse Zündorf: Genetic engineering, biotechnology: Basics and active ingredients . 2nd Edition. Knowledge Verl.-Ges., Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-8047-2534-8 , pp. 39 .