PyCCS

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article or section needs to be revised. Details should be given on the talk page. Please help to improve it , and then remove this flag.

PyCCS (English pyrogenic carbon capture and storage , German: pyrogenic CO 2 separation and storage ) is a form of CO 2 separation and storage by pyrolysis of biomass ("charring").

Discussion of the theory

Pyrolysis is the thermal treatment of biomass at 350 to 900 ° C in a low-oxygen atmosphere. During this process, three carbon-containing products are created, which can then be stored in different ways to generate negative emissions : A solid biochar , a pyrolytic liquid ( creosote , which can, however, also contain carcinogenic substances) and a pyrolysis gas (dominated by the flammable gases CO , H 2 and CH 4 ), which after combustion could be brought into geological storage as CO 2 .

In view of the shortage of the biomass that can be sensibly used for charring, there is a risk that valuable wood stocks or even contaminated chargeable waste will be used in the widespread application - and possibly promotion - of pyrolysis.

applicability

In contrast to other methods of CO 2 separation and storage (CCS) and bioenergy with CO 2 separation and storage (BECCS), PyCCS can also be used on a small scale and in the short term.

Current cost estimates for an ideal PyCCS application were based on US $ 150–165 (approx. € 130–145) costs per tonne of CO 2 in 2015/2016 . The introduction of CO 2 pricing that exceeds these costs could make the PyCCS application economically attractive for companies. The prerequisite would therefore be the internalization of the external costs of CO 2 emissions, for example through a CO 2 tax. The German Federal Environment Agency (UBA) recommends that the climate costs for greenhouse gases emitted in 2016 be set at 180 euros per ton of carbon dioxide equivalent.

The Halle-based soil biogeochemist Bruno Glaser estimated in 2019 that terra preta (Portuguese: black earth) obtained by means of pyrolysis could avoid ten percent of all CO 2 emissions in Europe.

literature

credentials

  1. ↑ a b Constanze Werner et al .: Biogeochemical potential of biomass pyrolysis systems for limiting global warming to 1.5 ° C. 2018, Environmental Research Letters , 13 (4), 044036. doi: 10.1088 / 1748-9326 / aabb0e .
  2. ^ Teichmann: Climate protection through biochar in German agriculture: potentials and costs. (PDF) Retrieved February 19, 2020 .
  3. ↑ BUND: Terra Preta / Pyrolysekohle: BUND assessment of their environmental relevance. Retrieved February 19, 2020 .
  4. ↑ Kemper J 2015 Biomass and carbon dioxide capture and storage: a review. Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control 40 401-30; Vaughan NE and Gough C 2016 Expert assessment concludes negative emissions scenarios may not deliver. Environ. Res. Lett. 11 095003
  5. ^ Sibylle Wilke: Social costs of environmental pollution. November 22, 2013, accessed July 1, 2020 .
  6. ↑ Jens Tartler: "An old process from the Amazon electrifies climate protectors" tagesspiegel.de, September 13, 2019, called May 27, 2020.