Qualicum
The Qualicum (or Qualicum First Nation ) are one of the Canadian First Nations in the province of British Columbia . They lived on the east coast of Vancouver Island , on the Strait of Georgia around today's Qualicum Beach, about 150 km north of today's Victoria . Their language, a dialect of Central Salish , has died out. According to legend, the name means "where the ketal salmon swims". 107 people were recognized as tribal members in August 2008.
The Qualicum First Nation is not currently involved in the proceedings of the British Columbia Treaty Commission (BCTC - British Columbia Treaty Commission ).
history
Originally the Qualicum lived in the settlements of Hwahwatl , Puntlatsh and Saamen . Their number is estimated at around 300 for the 18th century.
Spanish explorers left little behind except names like Lasqueti and Texada Island. Other names, such as French Creek, 8 km south of today's Qualicum, lost their name (Punta de Leonardo) again.
Adam Grant Horne was commissioned by the Hudson's Bay Company in 1856 to find a route to the west coast as far as Barkley Sound . This Horne Lake Trail became an important link to Alberni . During his exploration voyage, Horne witnessed a massacre by a Haida fleet on the Qualicum at the mouth of the Qualicum River.
Around 1890, some Qualicum were working in the coal mines, especially around Nanaimo .
Parksville was connected to the road network in 1886 and Qualicum in 1894; Connections to the railway network were made in 1910 and 1914.
When the McKenna-McBride Commission visited the reservations of British Columbia from 1913, they suggested that the reservation of the "Qualicum Tribe", "Qualicum, 197.00 acres" should remain. However, the Commission's proposals did not become legally binding until 1923.
reserve
The Qualicum First Nation has a 77 acre reserve, the Qualicum Indian Reserve , at the mouth of the Qualicum River on the east side of Vancouver Island. It was assigned to them by the Joint Reserve Commission in 1876 . In August 2008, 54 Qualicum lived there, one woman lived on another reservation, 48 lived outside the reservation. A total of 106 people were registered as Qualicum. The chief is Patricia Cassidy.
In the reserve you will also find the “Great Qualicum Fish Processing Plant”, a successful commercial enterprise. The community also operates a fresh fish sale, an arts and crafts shop and a community hall with offices and daycare. A campsite for short and long term rentals is located on the beach.
The Qualicum First Nation parish is located on a quarter section (1 section = 2.5899 km²) of land in the Qualicum Bay area through which the Big Qualicum River flows. The Qualicum River has always been very popular with the Ketalaxes , who return to their spawning grounds each season . The local Indians traditionally gathered here to catch and smoke these salmon.
Remarks
- ↑ A photo of Adam Grant Horne can be found in the BC Archive: Archived copy ( Memento of the original from August 1, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
- ↑ The published text: Minutes of Decision - Cowichan Agency-Qualicum Tribe ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
- ^ According to the information from the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development , First Nation Profiles: Qualicum First Nation - Connectivity Profile .
- ↑ Here today is Qualicum First Nation Campsite Camping ( Memento of the original on 10 December 2007 at the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link is automatically inserted and not yet tested. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
literature
- Wayne Suttles (Ed.): Handbook of North American Indians . Volume 7: Northwest Coast. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington DC 1990. ISBN 0-87474-187-4
See also
- History of the Coastal Salish
- History of British Columbia
- First Nations history
- List of Indian tribes recognized in Canada