R2-45

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Scientology founder L. Ron Hubbard 1950

R2-45 is the name of a process described by L. Ron Hubbard in which the thetan (soul) is separated from the human body by shooting the person in the head with a 45-caliber pistol. His description of the process was "an enormously effective process of exteriorization , but its use is frowned upon by society at the time." According to Scientology , exteriorization refers to the separation of the soul from the body: a phenomenon that, according to Hubbard, can be achieved through " auditing " can be achieved. The literal meaning is recognized by the Church of Scientology , but denies that it was meant seriously.

Origin of R2-45

In the book The Creation of Human Ability (dt. The Creation of Human Ability ) describes Hubbard two workout routes (training routes). The exercises on Route 1 were numbered from R1-4 to R1-15, and those of Route 2 from R2-16 to R2-75. R2-45 is not described as an exercise, but simply with the phrase "an enormously effective process for exteriorization but its use is frowned upon by this society at this time".

There are several conflicting descriptions of where and when R2-45 was made and how it was presented by Hubbard. According to Stewart Lamont, in a series of lectures called the Philadelphia Doctorate Course held December 1-19, 1952, Hubbard introduced R2-45 by firing a Colt 45 into the floor of the podium.

George Malko gives a slightly different account in his book Scientology: The Now Religion, published in 1970 . In it, he writes that at a Scientology convention in Washington DC in the late 1950s, Hubbard fired a Colt 45 pistol loaded with blank cartridges into the audience and announced, “I just thought you'd like to want to see what an R2-45 looks like! "

A publicity film produced by the Church of Scientology in 2007 features an alleged eyewitness account of Hubbard's introduction of R2-45. According to an anonymous Scientology veteran, R2-45 was first mentioned in a 1954 lecture given by Hubbard in Phoenix, Arizona . In it he describes a number of audit processes in numerical order:

When he got through talking about R2-44, he came out wearing a full Western garb like you might see in a John Wayne movie and a six-shooter strapped to his side… Then he said something to the effect of, 'And now we have R2-45 ', and he pulled out this gun and blam! It was loaded with blanks, of course, but it woke everybody up. He said something to the effect of, 'It's a very effective process for exteriorization, but frowned upon at this time by the society.' And that was all, he didn't say another word about it. But it brought down the house.

Decades later, Hubbard's estranged son Ronald DeWolf said he was present at a meeting where his father fired a gun into the ground to illustrate R2-45. DeWolf commented, "I thought he was joking that it was a blank cartridge, but it wasn't: there was a hole in the ground, it was real, he meant it."

R2-45 in Hubbard's lectures

Hubbard mentioned R2-45 in several lectures he gave in the 1950s and 1960s. In the 1956 Exteriorization lecture , Hubbard casually referred to R2-45; a footnote in the transcript describes the process as "used humorously". In a 1958 lecture, Hubbard commented that "Death is not the same as clearing but there is, remember, R2-45. It's a very valid technique. A lot of people have used it before now. ”He said in a 1959 lecture that“ even the police or gangsters ”could“ clear ” a person by“ getting a Webley 38 or Smith & Wesson , Colt or something similar and run R2-45. ”An excerpt from this lecture was published in 2009 by WikiLeaks on the Internet. In a 1961 lecture he said, “If you fail, you can always commit suicide. You could suggest that to the pc [preclear]. That would solve his problems. 'R2-45' in its various - various other methods. "He called it a" big process "in another lecture a few months later that" would remove the pc's head, "which, according to the protocol, responded with laughter from the audience.

R2-45 in practice

Some Scientology and former Scientology critics alleged that Hubbard used the term R2-45 to authorize the killing of individuals viewed as adversaries of the Church of Scientology. There is no evidence that it was ever put into practice, and Hubbard never specifically defined the term in writing. Church officials have said of Hubbard's description of the process that it was meant as a joke, is not approved, and that it is occasionally misinterpreted when taken literally.

In two separate cases, orders to perform R2-45 on certain individuals were published in a prominent Scientology magazine. On March 6, 1968, Hubbard published an internal memo titled "Racket Exposed," condemning twelve people as "enemies of mankind, the planet and all life," and ordering that any member of the Sea Org they encounter , makes use of R2-45. The memo was later reused in the Church of Scientology's internal journal, The Auditor, with an additional name on the list. Another four people were named in a second R2-45 assignment published in 1968 in The Auditor. Stephen A. Kent of the University of Alberta characterizes such orders as a demonstration of "the manifestation of Hubbard's malign narcissism and, more specifically, his narcissistic anger." The Santa Rosa News-Herald reported in 1982 that attorneys had evidence found that between 1975 and 1977, while the FBI was investigating the organization, there were meetings of Scientology executives at which there were discussions about eliminating senior FBI members with R2-45.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b L. Ron Hubbard: The Creation of Human Ability 1954, p. 120.
  2. ↑ Process R2-45 - An Inside Joke Or The Ultimate Retribution? . In: The Clearwater Sun , March 21, 1976. 
  3. ^ Stewart Lamont: Religion Inc.: the Church of Scientology . Harrap, London 1986, ISBN 978-0-245-54334-0 , p. 25.
  4. ↑ George Malko: Scientology: The Now Religion . Delacorte Press, 1970, p. 151.
  5. ↑ Sherman, Dan. (March 13, 2007). L. Ron Birthday Celebration video . Church of Scientology International.
  6. ↑ Dennis Wheeler: Son of Scientology . In: The News-Herald , July 7-13, 1982. 
  7. ^ Hubbard, L. Ron: Exteriorization January 19, 1956.
  8. ^ Hubbard, L. Ron: AAC Procedure Outlined - E-meter TRs . July 15, 1958.
  9. ^ Hubbard, L. Ron: Lecture # 19 . In: Bridge Publications (Ed.): Melbourne Advanced Clinical Course, Rationale of Create Series . November 20, 1959 ( bridgepub.com - lecture).
  10. ↑ Scientology cult recording: R2-45 is the act of shooting a person with a firearm, 20 Nov 1959 . WikiLeaks. April 13, 2009. Retrieved April 9, 2016.
  11. ↑ Hubbard, L. Ron: Rudiments . In: Saint Hill Special Briefing Course # 077 . October 31, 1961.
  12. ↑ Hubbard, L. Ron: Prepclearing and Rudiments . In: Saint Hill Special Briefing Course # 121 . February 22, 1962.
  13. ↑ Scientology Critics Assail Aggressiveness of Church . In: Los Angeles Times , August 28, 1978. “A number of former Scientologists who are now critics of the church assert that R2-45 is meant to authorize killing its antagonists with a .45-caliber pistol. Church spokesman Jeffrey Dubron, of the principal American Church of Scientology in Los Angeles, says 'it was only a joke.' "  See also the official online archive .
  14. ^ Donovan Bess: Scientology: Total freedom and beyond . In: The Nation , September 29, 1969. 
  15. ↑ A Sci-Fi Faith . In: Time , April 5, 1978. Retrieved January 1, 2007. "" Hubbard once spoke darkly of handling enemies via "Auditing Process R2-45," meaning a .45 bullet through the head, but this was just a joke, say his followers, and there are no accusations of any such terminal excommunications. "" 
  16. ^ Roy Wallis: The Road to Total Freedom . Columbia University Press, New York 1976, ISBN 0-231-04200-0 .
  17. ^ The Auditor , issue # 35. (Undated but copyrighted 1968)
  18. ^ The Auditor , issue # 37. (Undated but copyrighted 1968)
  19. ↑ Jodi M. Lane: Malignant Narcissism, L. Ron Hubbard, and Scientology's Policies of Narcissistic Rage . University of Alberta. January 30, 2008.
  20. ↑ Jodi M. Lane, Stephen A. Kent: Politiques de rage et narcissisme malin . In: Criminology . 41, No. 2, 2008, pp. 117-155.
  21. ↑ Dennis Wheeler: Inside Scientology: Is it a religion, a science fiction fantasy, or just another cult? . In: The News-Herald , June 9, 1982.