Wheel hub steering

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Wheel hub steering of the Ner-a-Car
Wheel hub steering of the Bimota Tesi 1D
Wheel hub steering of the Bimota Tesi 2D
Wheel hub steering of the Bimota Tesi 3D

The wheel hub steering is a rare and unusual type of front wheel guidance on motorcycles in which the steering or rotation axis is in the center of the wheel. The wheel hub steering can be counted in the broadest sense of the group of the kingpin steering .

history

The first wheel hub steering comes from the American designer Carl A. Neracher, who installed it in large numbers in his Ner-a-Car motorcycle model from 1921 to 1926. This was followed by the French manufacturer Majestic (1928–1934). From 1968 the British designer Jack Difazio (* 1915; † 2012) offered wheel hub steering for street motorcycles and racing motorcycles, which was also available as a conversion kit; the "Nessie" became known . A total of around 50 motorcycles with wheel hub steering are said to have been built between 1968 and 1983. In 1986 the Italian manufacturer Bimota developed a wheel hub steering system on the long-distance racing machine Bimota Tesi ; the steering transmission was hydraulic.

In 1990, Bimota introduced the Bimota Tesi 1D series model, a wheel hub steering system for which Giuseppe Morri, co-founder of Bimota, held a patent. With the successor models Bimota Tesi 2D (2005-2006) and Bimota Tesi 3D (from 2007), Bimota has been producing wheel hub steering for interested customers to this day (as of February 2016). Also in small series, the Italian manufacturer Vyrus , after temporarily stopping production and taking over Bimota, offers motorcycles with wheel hub steering. Since 2009 the Swedish manufacturer ISR has also been offering wheel hub steering and the like. a. for the model BMW R 1200 S to.

The motorcycle sidecars in 1988 at Krauser Domani and 1994 GG Duetto introduced a hub-center steering.

technology

With wheel hub steering, the wheel rotates around a steering bearing journal in the center of the wheel axle. During the steering process, the wheel is rotated about the steering axis using a lever that acts on the wheel carrier. The low steering angle was already criticized with the Ner-a-Car. With the wheel hub steering (Morri system), the steering movement is carried out using an extremely complex lever system with two push rods (system 1D) - one push rod (system 3D) - and reversing levers. The maximum steering angle of the Difazio wheel hub steering (19 degrees) is significantly lower than that of conventional telescopic forks (over 30 degrees); however, the braking compensation is much greater than with the telescopic fork. The complicated and also maintenance-intensive lever system results in considerable disadvantages with regard to driving stability, especially at high speeds.

literature

  • Tony Foale, Vic Willoughby: Motorcycle Chassis Today. 1st edition. Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 1988, ISBN 3-613-01226-X .
  • Jürgen Stoffregen: Motorcycle technology: basics and concepts of engine, drive and chassis. 7th edition. Vieweg Verlag, Braunschweig 2010, ISBN 978-3-8348-0698-7 .

Web links

Commons : Bimota Tesi  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Jürgen Stoffregen: Motorcycle technology. Pp. 330-331.
  2. ↑ Tony Foale, Vic Willoughby: Motorcycle Chassis Today. P. 95.
  3. ↑ Difazio conversion kit on a BMW R 45 (1979)
  4. ↑ Tony Foale, Vic Willoughby: Motorcycle Chassis Today. P. 175
  5. ^ Andrew Westlake: Classic motorcycle. No. 1/2015, p. 15.
  6. ↑ MOTORRAD Revue 1984/85, p. 29.
  7. ↑ U.S. Patent 5,133,223 A
  8. ↑ vyrus.it ( memento of July 7, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ) (accessed on July 7, 2013)
  9. ↑ isrbrakes.se ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ISR History (accessed August 7, 2013) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.isrbrakes.se
  10. ↑ MOTORCYCLE . No. 18 , August 21, 1993, p. 14-24 .