Ranitomeya
| Ranitomeya | ||||||||||||
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Ranitomeya amazonica |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Ranitomeya | ||||||||||||
| Bauer , 1986 |
The genus Ranitomeya belongs to the poison dart frogs , which are often also called poison dart frogs. It is native to South America in the Amazon basin . The species formerly belonged to the genus Dendrobates , but they were used in one of Grant et al. revision of the tree diver's frog system carried out in 2006. It soon turned out, however, that the new genus fell into two biogeographically and morphologically clearly distinguishable species groups. When molecular genetic data confirmed this subdivision, Brown et al. in 2011 a new genus Andinobates for twelve species of the genus Ranitomeya .
features
The genus Ranitomeya includes very small frogs that differ from the larger Dendrobates species primarily in their color. The species of the genus Ranitomeya always have more than two colors, which are usually used as signal colors to warn of the skin toxins of these frogs. The first fingers of the frogs are severely shortened. Their sister group Andinobates differs from Ranitomeya by two fused vertebrae and the lack of the reticulated drawing on the legs that can be seen in almost every Ranitomeya species.
species
Ranitomeya originally comprised many species from the former collective genus Dendrobates , but in 2011 12 species were spun off and placed in the new genus Andinobates . At the same time, in this revision by Brown, Twomey et al. several species synonymous and a new species, Ranitomeya toraro , described. Ranitomeya rubrocephala is a noun dubium and has not been included in the lists of the genus since 2011.
In 2012, 16 species of the genus Ranitomeya were known, but it can be assumed that, due to the great variability of the characteristics and the mosaic-like distribution area, many cryptic species exist that still have to be genetically investigated and described.
- Ranitomeya amazonica (Schulte, 1999)
- Ranitomeya benedicta (Brown, Twomey, Pepper & Sanchez-Rodriguez, 2008)
- Ranitomeya cyanovittata (Pérez-Peña, Chávez, Twomey & Brown, 2010)
- Ranitomeya defleri (Twomey & Brown, 2009)
- Ranitomeya fantastica (Boulenger, 1884)
- Ranitomeya flavovittata (Schulte, 1999)
- Ranitomeya imitator (Schulte, 1986) Ranitomeya intermedia (Schulte, 1999) has been synonymous with this species
- Ranitomeya reticulata (Boulenger, 1884) Ranitomeya ignea (Melin, 1941) has been a synonym of this species since 2011
- Ranitomeya sirensis (Aichinger, 1991) , Ranitomeya biolat (Morales, 1992) and Ranitomeya lamasi (Morales, 1992) have been synonyms of this species since 2011
- Ranitomeya summersi (Brown, Twomey, Pepper & Sanchez-Rodriguez, 2008)
- Ranitomeya toraro (Brown et al., 2011)
- Ranitomeya uakarii (Brown, Schulte & Summers, 2006)
- Ranitomeya vanzolinii (Myers, 1982)
- Ranitomeya variabilis ( Zimmermann & Zimmermann , 1988) - single-point tree climber - Since the 2011 revision, this species also includes populations that were previously referred to as Ranitomeya ventrimaculata .
- Ranitomeya ventrimaculata (Shreve, 1935) This species now includes all populations that were formerly known as Ranitomeya duellmani (Schulte, 1999) . Because of the priority rule, R. ventrimaculata has been the name for R. duellmani that has been valid since 2011. Thefrogsformerly known as R. ventrimaculata have beenassigned to R. variabilis .
- Ranitomeya yavaricola (Pérez-Peña, Chávez, Twomey & Brown, 2010)
Individual evidence
- ↑ T. Grant, DR Frost, JP Caldwell, R. Gagliardo, CFB Haddad, PJR Kok, DB Means, BP Noonan, WE Schargel, WC Wheeler: Phylogenetic systematics of dart-poison frogs and their relatives (Amphibia: Athesphatanura: Dendrobatidae) . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 299, pp. 1-262, 2006
- ↑ Jason L. Brown, Evan Twomey, Adolfo Amézquita, Moisés Barbosa de Souza, Jana-Lee P. Caldwell, Stefan Lötters, Rudolf von May, Paulo Roberto Melo-Sampaio, Daniel Mejía-Vargas, Pedro Perez-Peña, Mark Pepper, Erik H. Poelman, Manuel Sanchez-Rodriguez & Kyle Summers: A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical frog genus Ranitomeya (Amphibia: Dendrobatidae). Zootaxa, 3083, pp. 1-120, 2011
