Syrian Charter Council

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Coat of arms of the Council of the Syrian Charter

The Council of the Syrian Charter ( Arabic مجلس المدونة السورية Majlis al-mudawwana as-Suriya , DMG Maǧlis al-mudawwana as-sūrīya ) is an association of leaders from Syria . According to international media, it announced its founding in March 2019.

According to its own statements, the aim of the Council of the Syrian Charter is social dialogue and overcoming the division in society promoted by the war in Syria . He wants to bundle social forces in the sense of a peace solution. The members of the Council of the Syrian Charter include representatives of various ethnic groups, such as Sunni Arabs, Kurds , Turkmen , Alawites , Druze , Christians of various denominations and Ismailis . The sheikhs of major Syrian Bedouin tribes and tribal federations, including the Shammar , Al Uqayadat, Aniza (Anazzah), Fawa'ira and Na'im, are also represented on the council.

According to media reports, the Council of the Syrian Charter maintains relationships with various political camps, international governments and the office of the UN Special Representative on the Syrian Conflict . He sees himself u. a. as a platform for the various Syrian voices and as an "interface" between Syrian society, political actors and the international community.

People, founding history, impact

The Council of the Syrian Charter refers to a document known as the “Code of Conduct for Syrian Coexistence ” ( mudawanat suluk li-'aisch suri muschtarak ) or the “Syrian Charter”. The founders signed this document in November 2017 after about a year of secret negotiations and made it available to the public in early 2018.

It is therefore the basis for a new social contract for Syria. In the document, the signatories acknowledge the diversity and differences within the Syrian population and, at the same time, call for the country's national and territorial unity to be preserved. They oppose the political instrumentalization of ethnic or confessional identities. One of the often quoted articles is "neither victor nor vanquished" and names the Syrian people as a whole as the victims of the war. The signatories also demand a documented right to return and compensation for the victims of the war.

In a paper by the Bertelsmann Foundation on European policy on Syria, the Council of the Syrian Charter is mentioned as an example of "that reconciliation can work" and the European Union is called upon to feed its results into the United Nations peace talks for Syria.

In March 2019 the Secretary of State informed the Foreign Office Andreas Michaelis on a so-called small request of the party Die Linke with that the Federal Government welcomed the initiative as a "contribution to reducing conflict and restoration of confidence" between the different social groups in Syria.

The Italian newspaper La Repubblica described the Council's charter as the "Charter for Peace" in Syria.

Original of the document referred to by the Syrian Charter Council

The initiative aroused political and media interest, among other things, because the Council of the Syrian Charter includes not only well-known critics of the regime, but also notables from the Alawite religious community, which is often assumed to have collective loyalty to Bashar al-Assad . The three spokesmen for the council are from the Sunni, Christian-Maronite and Alawite communities; one of them is the Damascus- born activist and advisor Sima Abd Rabbo.

The founding members of the council include the former Syrian ambassador to the United Kingdom , Sami Khiyami, Sheikh Amir al-Dandal from Bukamal , and the dentist Mustafa Kayali from Aleppo . Other members of the council include a. Sheikh Ibrahim Ibrahim Pasha, Ahmad Shaheen Al-Barazi, the Islamic scholar Mohammad Habash , Sheikh Oweinan Jarbah al-Asi and Prince Mulham (Mulhim) al-Shibli. Numerous founders and first signatories have not yet appeared in public with their names.

In October 2019, it became known that the German-Syrian constitutional lawyer Naseef Naeem played a key role in the negotiations on the charter and is chairing the meetings of the Syrian Charter Council.

The Council of the Syrian Charter publishes public statements on social and moral aspects of the Syrian conflict at irregular intervals, for example on the formation of the Syrian Constitutional Committee , which meets under the auspices of the United Nations . In January 2020, the Council declared that it should reject any form of collective retaliation or "kin liability" between ethnic groups in Syria and that criminal offenses (e.g. war crimes ) should only be punished individually.

In March 2020, faced with the threat of a Covid-19 outbreak in Syria, the Council called for all parties to the conflict to release prisoners in an "act of humanity" in order to prevent them from dying of the disease due to a lack of basic health care. In addition, the international community should work with all parties to the conflict to provide medical care for Syria to alleviate the consequences of the pandemic . The declaration met with public response and was welcomed in Germany by the Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen parliamentary group .

symbolism

The coat of arms of the Council of the Syrian Charter, which can be seen in some pronouncements, shows the Roman tetrapylon in the Palmyra World Heritage Site , which is one of the most important sights in Syria. The antiquities were badly damaged in the Syrian war, especially by fighters of the Islamic State . For the Council of the Syrian Charter, Palmyra symbolizes the diversity and resilience of Syrian society. The colors indicate the Syrian flag, its arrangement on the national bloc , the first Syrian independence movement against the French mandate rule .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Daniel-Dylan Böhmer: Peace Charter: The new Syria is being built in Berlin . March 20, 2019 ( welt.de [accessed October 27, 2019]).
  2. ↑ Ibrahim Hamidi in Asharq Al-Awsat :: «الشرق الأوسط» تنشر أسرار الحوار السني - العلوي السوري في برلين. Retrieved October 27, 2019 (Arabic).
  3. ↑ ICSR Team: Syria's Best of Enemies Breaking Good. In: ICSR. Retrieved January 18, 2018, October 27, 2019 (UK English).
  4. ^ Exclusive - Syrian Sunni-Alawite Dialogue Forms Council to Implement Coexistence Agreement. Retrieved October 27, 2019 .
  5. ^ Daniel-Dylan Böhmer: Peace Charter: The new Syria is being built in Berlin . March 20, 2019 ( welt.de [accessed October 27, 2019]).
  6. ^ Council of the Syrian Charter. In: سوريا ١١. Retrieved April 9, 2020 (Arabic).
  7. ↑ Original Arabic text :: مدونة سلوك لعيش سوري مشترك. In: سوريا ١١. Retrieved October 27, 2019 (Arabic).
  8. ↑ Syrie: the représentants alaouites et Sunnites signent un "code de conduite pour la coexistence" . January 17, 2018 ( lemonde.fr [accessed October 27, 2019]).
  9. ↑ Christoph Ehrhardt, Rome: Silent crowd: Syrians should show their colors . ISSN  0174-4909 ( faz.net [accessed October 27, 2019]).
  10. ↑ Syria: Sunni-Alawite Talks Yield 11-Article Document in Berlin. Retrieved October 27, 2019 .
  11. ↑ الحوار السني ـ العلوي السوري يشكل مجلساً لتنفيذ «وثيقة العيش المشترك». Retrieved October 27, 2019 (Arabic).
  12. ↑ Bertelsmann Stiftung: Antagonisms in the Neighborhood of the European Union Overcoming Strategic Impotence in Syria - How the EU Flag Can Fly and Meet the Interests of Regional Powers . Ed .: Christian-Peter Hanelt / Miriam Kosmehl. Gütersloh 2019, p. 24 .
  13. ↑ German Bundestag: Printed matter 19/9360. German Bundestag, April 12, 2019, accessed on October 27, 2019 .
  14. ↑ UNA CARTA PER LA PACE IN SIRIA - la Repubblica.it. Retrieved October 28, 2019 (Italian).
  15. ↑ Peace for Syria: Secret Mission Reconciliation. Retrieved October 27, 2019 .
  16. ↑ Abed Rabbo: "A social agreement far from political camps": لتوافق مجتمعي بعيد عن الإنتماءات السياسية. In: سوريا ١١. Retrieved October 27, 2019 (Arabic).
  17. ^ Daniel-Dylan Böhmer: Syria: A Reconciliation Treaty for the Civil War Country . January 28, 2018 ( welt.de [accessed October 27, 2019]).
  18. ↑ Gökay Akbulut: Written question on the advice of the Syrian Charter to the Federal Government. In: Gökay Akbulut. March 29, 2019, accessed on October 27, 2019 (German).
  19. ↑ Peace for Syria: Secret Mission Reconciliation. Retrieved October 28, 2019 .
  20. ^ Secret Syria negotiations: "Our work is an act of liberation". Retrieved October 27, 2019 .
  21. ↑ Council of the Syrian Charter: بيان مجلس المدوّنة السوريّة بخصوص تشكيل وإطلاق عمل اللجنة الدستورية. In: سوريا ١١. Retrieved April 9, 2020 (Arabic).
  22. ↑ Damien McGuinness: Syrians hold secret peace summit in Berlin . In: BBC News . January 16, 2020 ( bbc.com [accessed April 9, 2020]).
  23. ↑ On the situation of detainees amid the health crisis. In: سوريا ١١. Retrieved April 9, 2020 (Arabic).
  24. ↑ Asharq Al-Awsat: ضغوطات على دمشق لإطلاق معتقلين. Retrieved April 9, 2020 (Arabic).
  25. ↑ Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen parliamentary group: Syria: Political prisoners must be released immediately. Accessed April 9, 2020 (German).
  26. ↑ Syrianews: بعد اجتماعات استمرت عامين .. "شخصيات مجتمعية سورية" تؤسس "مجلس المدونة السورية". (Facsimile of a declaration by the Council of the Syrian Charter), accessed on October 29, 2019 (ar.).
  27. ↑ بيان مجلس المدوّنة السوريّة بخصوص تشكيل وإطلاق عمل اللجنة الدستورية. In: سوريا ١١. (Statement on the Syrian Constitutional Committee), accessed October 28, 2019 (Arabic).
  28. ↑ Kareem Shaheen: Isis destroys tetrapylon monument in Palmyra . In: The Guardian . January 20, 2017, ISSN  0261-3077 ( theguardian.com [accessed October 27, 2019]).
  29. ↑ Daniel Gerlach: The Middle East is not going under. The Arab world at its historic opportunity . Edition Körber, Hamburg 2019, p. 74 .